480 – Lindberg – 2014 – Fiber effects in nutrition and gut health in pigs (Research report – Lindberg – 2014)

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480 Research report – Lindberg – 2014 – Lindberg – 2014 – Fiber effects in nutrition and gut health in pigs

480 Research report
Lindberg – 2014 – Fiber effects in nutrition and gut health in pigs by Lindberg, J.E. 2014 Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 5: 15
In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feed composition
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Fiber intake will have an impact on the expression of intestinal epithelial heat-shock proteins in the pig. Heat-shock proteins have an important physiological role in the gut and carry out crucial housekeeping functions in order to maintain the mucosal barrier integrity. Thus, there are increasing evidence showing that fiber can have prebiotic effects in pigs due to interactions with the gut micro-environment and the gut associated immune system. Corn and soybean meal are the main staples in the diet for pigs and poultry, providing most of the energy and nutrients needed. It is argued that although other cereals, such as wheat, and by-products, such as rice bran and distiller’s grains, are used as alternative feedstuffs in part of the world the quantities available are not sufficient to replace corn and soybean meal in the global pig and poultry industry.
Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975931/pdf/2049-1891-5-15.pdf; https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2F2049-1891-5-15
Country: SE

479 – Essential Oils as Feed Additives – Future Perspectives (Research paper – Stevanović – 2018)

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479 Research paper – Stevanović – 2018 – Essential Oils as Feed Additives—Future Perspectives

479 Research paper
Essential Oils as Feed Additives—Future Perspectives by Stevanović, Z.D., Bošnjak-Neumüller, J., Pajić-Lijaković, I., Raj, J., and M. Vasiljević 2018 Molecules Jul: 1717p
In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ AMU reduction strategies
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Phytogenic feed additives (PFA), also known as phytobiotics or botanicals, are commonly defined as various plant secondary compounds (PSC) and metabolites with beneficial effects on animal health and production, including feed and animal products. Botanicals in animal production have different applications, including sensory phytogenic additives, technological additives for improvement of feed quality and safety, as well as additives promoting animal health and welfare, acting as immunomodulators, antioxidants, digestive stimulants, and substances that can increase the performance and quality of animal products. This study is focused on available microencapsulation techniques of EOs to increase the bioavailability of active compounds, as well as their application in the animal feed additive industry.
Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6100314/pdf/molecules-23-01717.pdf; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390%2Fmolecules23071717
Country: RS

477 – Using probiotics to improve swine gut health and nutrient utilization (Research paper – Liao – 2017)

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477 Research paper – Liao – 2017 – Using probiotics to improve swine gut health and nutrient utilization

477 Research paper
Using probiotics to improve swine gut health and nutrient utilization by Liao, S.F., and M. Nyachoti 2017 Animal Nutrition Dec: 331–343
In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Pre-/probiotics; Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Beyond its physiological function as the alimentary canal for nutrient digestion and absorption, pig’s gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) is also one of the largest organs that helps animal’s immune function, because by nature the gut is animal’s first line of defense against the microbial pressure from its environment, especially the invasive pathogens from the GIT lumen. Activation of the GIT immune system incurs the direct cost of producing a diverse set of specialized immune cells and signaling molecules, as well as the losses in the efficiency of GIT digestive function. Therefore, only a healthy gut can lead to a healthy pig. And only a healthy pig can utilize dietary nutrients efficiently for tissue accretion, and lead to a better production performance and, thus, a higher return on investment for swine producers. This review paper aims to provide some much needed up-to-date knowledge and comprehensive references for swine nutritionists and producers to refer to before making prudent decisions and for scientists and researchers to develop better commercial products.
Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5941265/pdf/main.pdf; https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.aninu.2017.06.007
Country: US

476 – A review of the effects of dietary organic acids fed to swine (Research report – Suiryanrayna – 2015)

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476 Research report – Suiryanrayna – 2015 – A review of the effects of dietary organic acids fed to swine

476 Research report
A review of the effects of dietary organic acids fed to swine by Suiryanrayna, M.V.A.N., and J.V. Ramana 2015 Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 6: 11-Jan
In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements; Specific alternatives
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
The weaning transition is a complex period during which the piglets have to cope up with abrupt separation from their mother, mixing with other litters in a usually new environment and turning over to a less digestible solid creep feed to highly digestible liquid milk. Early weaned piglets are (3–4 weeks age) exposed to stress with a reduced feed intake, little or no weight gain. This post weaning lag period is due to a limited digestive and absorptive capacity due to insufficient production of hydrochloric acid, pancreatic enzymes and sudden changes in feed consistency and intake. The aim of this review is to evaluate the response of weaned piglets, growing pigs and reproductive m sows to dietary organic acids as illustrated in terms of performance, i.e., growth rate, feed intake and feed utilization. In addition, reasons for varying responses to and possible modes of action of organic acids will be discussed.
Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4618844/pdf/40104_2015_Article_42.pdf; https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2Fs40104-015-0042-z
Country: IN

474 – Rearing healthy calves by Dairy Australia (Tools & Checklists)

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474 Tools & Checklists – Rearing healthy calves by Dairy Australia

474 Tools & Checklists
Rearing healthy calves by Dairy Australia
In Significant Impact Groups: Young stock Management and early rearing
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Young stock
Summary:
The way we care for all calves on dairy farms can have major and long lasting effects: not just at the farm level, but throughout the industry, where issues such as animal welfare, animal diseases and food safety can have significant consequences. Rearing Healthy Calves provides a practical guide to all aspects of calf management on Australian dairy farms. It includes contributions from a wide range of experts including farmers, animal scientists and veterinarians to identify best practices in calf rearing to ensure their health and well-being. Dairy farmers make decisions every day that can affect the health and welfare of their calves. This manual combines clear and concise explanations with practical examples to help you see a range of approaches in action.

Where to find the original material: https://www.dairyaustralia.com.au/resource-repository/2020/07/09/rearing-healthy-calves-manual–second-edition
Country: Australia;

473 – Post weaning diarrhea in pigs – Risk factors and non-colistin-based control strategies (Research paper – Rhouma – 2017)

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473 Research paper – Rhouma – 2017 – Post weaning diarrhea in pigs_ risk factors and non-colistin-based control strategies

473 Research paper
Post weaning diarrhea in pigs: risk factors and non-colistin-based control strategies by Rhouma, M., Fairbrother, J.M., Beaudry, F., and A. Letellier 2017 Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 59: 31
In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Managing sick animals; Targeted use of antibiotics; Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) due to Escherichia coli is an economically important disease in pig production worldwide, affecting pigs during the first 2 weeks after weaning and characterized by sudden death or diarrhea, dehydration, and growth retardation in surviving piglets. Furthermore, many stress factors associated with the weaning period, such as removal from the sow, dietary changes, adapting to a new environment, mixing of pigs from different farms and histological changes in the small intestine, may negatively affect the response of immune system and lead to an intestinal gut dysfunction in pigs.
Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5437690/pdf/13028_2017_Article_299.pdf; https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2Fs13028-017-0299-7
Country: CA

472 – Case–control study of pathogens involved in piglet diarrhea (Research paper – Ruiz – 2016)

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472 Research paper – Ruiz – 2016 – Case–control study of pathogens invo

472 Research paper
Case–control study of pathogens involved in piglet diarrhea by Ruiz, V.L.A., Bersano, J.G., Carvalho, A.F., Catroxo, M.H.B., Chiebao, D.P., Gregori, F., Miyashiro, S., Nassar, A.F.C., Oliveira, T.M.F.S., 2016 BMC Research Notes 9: 22
In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Diarrhea in piglets can be caused by several pathogenic agents, including Campylobacter spp., Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., group A rotavirus (RV-A), coronaviruses (transmissible gastroenteritis virus—TGEV; porcine epidemic diarrhea virus—PEDV), as well as by nematode and protozoan parasites. However, most studies have focused on a few or only one agent and consequently our understanding of the relative importance of pathogens and other factors may have strong biases.
Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4710041/pdf/13104_2015_Article_1751.pdf
Country: BR

450 – Wildlife is overlooked in the epidemiology of medically important antibiotic-resistant bacteria (Research paper – Dolejska – 2019)

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450 Research paper – Dolejska – 2019 – Wildlife is overlooked in the epidemiology of medically important antibiotic-resistant bacteria

450 Research paper
Wildlife is overlooked in the epidemiology of medically important antibiotic-resistant bacteria by Dolejska, M., & Literak, I. 2019 Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 63: 05-Jan
In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \External biosecurity; Animals
Species targeted: Other;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Wild animals foraging in the human-influenced environment are colonized by bacteria with clinically important antibiotic resistance. The occurrence of such bacteria in wildlife is influenced by various biological, ecological, and geographical factors which have not yet been fully understood. More research focusing on the human-animal-environmental interface and using novel approaches is required to understand the role of wild animals in the transmission of antibiotic resistance and to assess potential risks for the public health.
450 Research paper – Dolejska – 2019 – Wildlife is overlooked in the epidemiology of medically important antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Where to find the original material: https://aac.asm.org/content/63/8/e01167-19/article-info; 10.1128/AAC.01167-19
Country: CZ

 

448 – Pharming animals_ a global history of antibiotics in food production 1935–2017 (Research paper – Kirchhelle – 2018)

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448 Research paper – Kirchhelle – 2018 – Pharming animals_ a global history of antibiotics in food production 1935–2017

448 Research paper
Pharming animals: a global history of antibiotics in food production (1935–2017) by Kirchhelle, C. 2018 Palgrave Communications 4: 13-Jan
In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance; Antibiotic use
Species targeted: Other;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
From the mid-1950s onwards, agricultural antibiotic use also triggered increasing conflicts about drug residues and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Significantly, antibiotic concerns did not develop evenly but instead gave rise to an international patchwork of different regulatory approaches. During a time of growing concerns about AMR and a post-antibiotic age, this article reconstructs the origins, global proliferation, and international regulation of agricultural antibiotics. It argues that policymakers need to remember the long history of regulatory failures that has resulted in current antibiotic infrastructures. For effective international stewardship to develop, it is necessary to address the economic dependencies, deep-rooted notions of development, and fragmented cultural understandings of risk, which all contribute to drive global antibiotic consumption and AMR.
448 Research paper – Kirchhelle – 2018 – Pharming animals_ a global history of antibiotics in food production 1935–2017
Where to find the original material: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-018-0152-2; 10.1057/s41599-018-0152-2
Country: Global

447 – Antimicrobial use and resistance in swine waste treatment systems (Research paper – Jindal – 2006)

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447 Research paper – Jindal – 2006 – Antimicrobial use and resistance in swine waste treatment systems

447 Research paper
Antimicrobial use and resistance in swine waste treatment systems by Jindal, A., Kocherginskaya, S., Mehboob, A., Robert, M., Mackie, R. I., Raskin, L., & Zilles, J. L. 2006 Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72: 7813-7820
In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \  Precision Livestock Farming & Early detection
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Chlortetracycline and the macrolide tylosin were identified as commonly used antimicrobials for growth promotion and prophylaxis in swine production. Resistance to these antimicrobials was measured throughout the waste treatment processes at five swine farms by culture-based and molecular methods. Conventional farm samples had the highest levels of resistance with both culture-based and molecular methods and had similar levels of resistance despite differences in antimicrobial usage. The levels of resistance in organic farm samples, where no antimicrobials were used, were very low by a culture-based method targeting fecal streptococci. The levels of tetracycline and MLSB resistance remained high throughout the waste treatment systems, suggesting that the potential impact of land application of treated wastes and waste treatment by-products on environmental levels of resistance should be investigated further.
447 Research paper – Jindal – 2006 – Antimicrobial use and resistance in swine waste treatment systems
Where to find the original material: https://aem.asm.org/content/72/12/7813; 10.1128/AEM.01087-06
Country: US