403 – Selective breeding for high natural antibody level increases resistance to avian pathogenic Escherichia coli APEC in chickens (Research paper – Berghof – 2019)

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403 Research paper – Berghof – 2019 – Selective breeding for high natural antibody level increases resistance to avian pathogenic Escherichia coli APEC in chickens

Selective breeding for high natural antibody level increases resistance to avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) in chickens by Berghof, T.V.L., Matthijs, M.G.R., Arts, J.A.J., Bovenhuis H., Dwars, R.M., J.J. van der Poel, Visker, M.H.P.W., and H.K. Parmentier 2019 Developmental and Comparative Immunology 93: 45-57
In Significant Impact Groups: Breeding for disease resistance or robustness
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Chickens bred for higher levels of ‘natural antibodies’ have a better Escherichia coli disease resistance, researcher of Wageningen University & Research and Utrecht University report. Breeding chickens for an improved general disease resistance is thereby a step closer. This can ultimately result in reduced antibiotics use and improved welfare for animals. Animals have so-called ‘natural antibodies’, which are a part of the immune system. Natural antibodies recognize pathogens in healthy animals, without (a previous) exposure of the animal to this pathogen. The antibodies slow down and prevent spreading of the pathogen from in the body. In addition, they warn and activate other parts of the immune system.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0145305X18304816; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2018.12.007
Country: NL

400 – Predicting Disease in Transition Dairy Cattle (Research paper -Sahar – 2020)

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400 Research paper -Sahar – 2020 – Predicting Disease in Transition Dairy Cattle

.l M. Weary 2020 Animals 10: 15p paper
In Significant Impact Groups: Precision Livestock Farming & Early detection \ Sensor technology
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Dairy cattle often become ill after calving. This article is about models designed to predict which cows are likely to become ill based upon measures of the cows’ feeding and competitive behaviors before calving. The models had high sensitivity (73–71%), specificity (80–84%), positive predictive values (73–77%), and negative predictive values (80–80%) for both cows that had previously calved and for those calving for the first time. So they concluded that behaviors at the feed bunk before calving can predict cows at risk of becoming sick in the weeks after calving.

Where to find the original material: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/6/928/htm; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10060928
Country: British Columbia, Canada

399 – Machine learning based fog computing assisted data driven approach for early lameness detection in dairy cattle (Research paper – Taneja – 2020)

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399 Research paper – Taneja – 2020-Machine learning based fog computing assisted data driven approach for early lameness detection in dairy cattle

In Significant Impact Groups: Precision Livestock Farming & Early detection \ Sensor technology
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Timely lameness detection is one of the major and costliest health problems in dairy cattle. This poses a concern with increasing herd sizes, as prolonged or undetected lameness severely compromises cows’ health and welfare, and ultimately affects the milk productivity of the farm. To tackle this, an end-to-end IoT application that leverages advanced machine learning and data analytics techniques to monitor the cattle in real-time and identify lame cattle at an early stage has been developed. The proposed approach has been validated on a real world smart dairy farm setup consisting of a dairy herd of 150 cows in Waterford, Ireland. The detected lameness anomalies are further sent to farmer’s mobile device. The results indicate that lameness can be detected 3 days before it can be visually captured by the farmer with an overall accuracy of 87%. This means that the animal can either be isolated or treated immediately.

Where to find the original material: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339914936_Machine_learning_based_fog_computing_assisted_data-driven_approach_for_early_lameness_detection_in_dairy_cattle; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105286
Country: IE

398 -Technological tools for infection detection Case studies with the SOMO respiratory distress monitor in Belgian pig farms (Research paper – Cui – 2019)

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398 Research paper – Cui – 2019 -Technological tools for infection detection Case studies with the SOMO respiratory distress monitor in Belgian pig farms

In Significant Impact Groups: Precision Livestock Farming & Early detection \ Sensor technology
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
In a demonstration project in Flanders (Belgium), the SOMO Respiratory Distress Monitor of SoundTalks, was installed in 10 commercial fattening pig houses showing an automatic alarm when respiratory problems occurred. The warnings of the SOMO-system were analysed against the observations of the farmer. In most cases (74%) the alert situation was confirmed by the farmers inspection, and in 17% of the cases farmers started a medical treatment based on the alerts. At the time of the alert the number of sick animals was still low and the behaviour (activity, feed intake) of the animals still normal in most cases (86%). It was confirmed by the farmers that the use of the SOMO system helped to reduce the amount of medication, because treatments were done in an early stage of infection.

Where to find the original material: http://www.eaplf.eu/wp-content/uploads/ECPLF_19_book.pdf; ISBN 978-1-84170-654-2
Country: BE

397 – Field trial to demonstrate the intelligent dairy assistantIDA system on dairy farms (Research paper – Rutten 2019)

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397 Research paper – Rutten 2019 – Field trial to demonstrate the intelligent dairy assistantIDA system on dairy farms

In Significant Impact Groups: Precision Livestock Farming & Early detection \ Sensor technology
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Connecterra’s Intelligent Dairy Assistant (IDA) is a novel Internet of Things based on a management support system for dairy farms. IDA uses sensor technology, cloud computing and artificial intelligence to support dairy farmers with insights on oestrus and health management. The IDA system uses feedback on historic data to improve its underlying models and farmers may learn from using the system. The experiences indicate that oestrus detection can be improved, and health monitoring can help to start early treatment and thereby reduce the use of antibiotics. For milk production the results are inconclusive as the groups with and without IDA were not balanced on milk yield before the field trial started. Based on the limited size of the experiment it could not be proven significant effects or causal relationships.

Where to find the original material: http://www.eaplf.eu/wp-content/uploads/ECPLF_19_book.pdf; ISBN 978-1-84170-654-2
Country: BE; NL

396 – Precision livestock farming for pigs (Research report – Vranken – 2017)

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396 Research report – Vranken – 2017 – Precision livestock farming for pigs

In Significant Impact Groups: Precision Livestock Farming & Early detection \ Sensor technology
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
In the precision livestock farming (PLF) concept, sensors and algorithms translate the measured animal responses into key indicators for optimal performance, improved animal welfare, and farm sustainability. The output of the sensors (e.g., activity measures with a camera or sound measures with a microphone) is related to animal-based welfare and health indicators such as aggression or respiratory diseases. When sensor signals start to deviate from their expected values, alerts are given to the farmer. In this way the farmer can take an immediate action before the detected change in animal response negatively affects the production performance. These actions range from solving technical problems such as a blocked feeding line, adjusting control settings in the climate and feed controller, etc. In most cases, a preventive medical treatment prevents the further spreading of respiratory diseases in the pen, and the use of antibiotics can be reduced or even precluded.

Where to find the original material: https://academic.oup.com/af/article/7/1/32/4638771; https://doi.org/10.2527/af.2017.0106
Country: BE; NL

392 – Phytobiotics in poultry and swine nutrition – A review (Research paper – Gheisar – 2017)

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392 Research paper – Gheisar – 2017 – Phytobiotics in poultry and swine nutrition – a review

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Pre-/probiotics
Species targeted: Poultry; Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
Bacterial resistance and antibiotic residues in animal products led to raising the concern in using antibiotics as growth promoters and finally resulted in the ban on using in-feed antibiotics in most of the developed countries. As an alternative, phytobiotics were recommended by researchers and nutritionists. Plenty of studies have been done using phytobiotics in poultry and swine nutrition so far. They have mostly shown the antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and growth promoting effects of phytobiotics. Antioxidative function of phytobiotics can positively affect the stability of animal feed and increase animal’s products quality and storage time. Generally, the available documents indicate the positive effects of phytobiotics on poultry and swine performance.

Where to find the original material: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1828051X.2017.1350120?scroll=top&needAccess=true; 10.1080/1828051X.2017.1350120
Country: South Korea

391 – Essential oils as alternatives to antibiotics in swine production (Research paper – Omonijo – 2018)

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391 Research paper – Omonijo – 2018 – Essential oils as alternatives to antibiotics in swine production

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Immunomodulators
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
This review article summarizes the efficacy, feasibility and potential mechanisms of the application of essential oils as antibiotic alternatives in swine production. The effects of essential oils on inflammation, oxidative stress, microbiome, gut chemo-sensing and bacterial quorum-sensing (QS) have led to better production performance of animals fed essential oils in a number of studies. It has been demonstrated that essential oils have good potential as antibiotic alternatives in feeds for swine production. The combination of different essential oils and other compounds (synergistic effect) such as organic acids seems to be a promising approach to improve the efficacy and safety of essential oils in applications.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405654517301233; 10.1016/j.aninu.2017.09.001
Country: Canada, China

390 – Phytochemicals as antibiotic alternatives to promote growth and enhance host health (Research paper – Lillehoj – 2018)

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390 Research paper – Lillehoj – 2018 – Phytochemicals as antibiotic alternatives to promote growth and enhance host health

In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Scientists from industry and academia and government research institutes shared their experience in developing and applying potential antibiotic-alternative phytochemicals commercially to reduce AGPs and to develop a sustainable animal production system in the absence of antibiotics.

Where to find the original material: https://veterinaryresearch.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13567-018-0562-6; 10.1186/s13567-018-0562-6
Country: USA

389 – Alternatives to antibiotics for farm animals (Research paper – Papatsiros – 2014)

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389 Research paper – Papatsiros – 2014 – Alternatives to antibiotics for farm animals

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Immunomodulators
Species targeted: Sheep; Dairy; Poultry; Pigs;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:

Nowadays, there is an increasing concern for the public health about the consequences from the long and increased use of antibiotics in livestock production. The use of antibiotics in animal feed as growth promoters has been completely banned by the European Union since 2006, based on their possible negative effects on human and animal health. The removal of growth promoters has led to animal performance problems and a rise in the incidence of certain animal diseases. Thus, there is an urgent need to find alternatives to antibiotics, especially in EU. Due to the modern consumers’ concern about the potential development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria as well as at the same time the need to prevent economic losses of the farmers, alternatives to antibiotics has been developed to prevent the health problems and to improve the growth performance in farm animals. Owing to the full ban of antibiotic use in EU there is an urgent need to find alternatives to in-feed antibiotics. New strategies and commercial products must be developed to improve animal health and performance, based on their safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness. The aim of this study is to summarize the beneficial effects of currently used alternatives to in-feed antibiotics, i.e. probiotics, prebiotics, organic acids, phytogenic compounds and zeolites on health and growth performance in farm animals (swine, poultry and ruminants).

Where to find the original material: https://www.cabi.org/cabreviews/review/20133390413; 10.1079/PAVSNNR20138032
Country: Europe