108 Guidance on the Selection of Appropriate Indicators for Quantification of Antimicrobial Usage in Humans and Animals (Research paper; Collineau, 2016)

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108 Research paper – Collineau – 2016 – Guidance on the Selection of Appropriate Indicators for Quantification of Antimicrobial Usage in Humans and Animals

108 Research paper
Guidance on the Selection of Appropriate Indicators for Quantification of Antimicrobial Usage in Humans and Animals by Collineau, L., Belloc, C., Stärk, K.D., Hémonic, A., Postma, M., Dewulf, J. and C. Chauvin. 2016 Zoonoses and public health 64: 165-184
In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance Antibiotic use
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef;
Summary: To quantify antimicrobial usage various types of measures are available. These are here referred to as indicators of antimicrobial use. These range from sales, deliveries or reimbursement data in human and veterinary medicine. Still, results can differ substantially depending on the method used. The best way to select the appropriate indicators of antimicrobial usage, is important to first determine the objective of the study. If the goal is compare groups (or populations), it is preferable to use standard parameters. However, to measure exposure it is better to use actual (non-standardized) parameters. There are several issues associated with the choice of indicators for antimicrobial use. These are further discussed in this article.

Where to find the original material: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/zph.12298; https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12298

Country: FR

107 Impact of slurry and manure management on the degradation of antibiotics (Research paper; Levasseur, 2015)

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107 Research paper – Levasseur- 2015 – Impact of slurry and manure management on the degradation of antibiotics

107 Research paper
Impact of slurry and manure management on the degradation of antibiotics
by Levasseur, P. and A. Hémonic. 2015 Cahiers de l’IFIP 2: 27-48
In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance Antibiotic use
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep;
Age: Young; Adult; Different for different species;
Summary: Research shows that the antibiotics most often found in livestock manure are tetracyclines, sulphonamides, macrolides, quinolones and fluoroquinolones. These will later on end up and which end up in the environment. This paper reviews the ways in which antibiotics can be removed during the main possibilities of slurry management: from administration to the animal to the soil after spreading. Animals discharge 30–90% of administered antibiotics unchanged or as active metabolites. During storage, most antibiotics form complexes with soluble organic matter and remain fairly stable. After spreading, soil can have some protective effect. Treatment processes can remove antibiotics, especially composting. Wastewater treatment by activated sludge and anaerobic digestion can also reduce antibiotic contamination. In order to estimate the real risk of resistance, is is still necessary to link these results with the occurrence of resistant bacteria and genes in various compartments (livestock manure, water and soil).
Country: FR

106 Reliable estimation of antimicrobial use and its evolution between 2010 and 2013 in French swine farms (Research paper; Hemonic, 2018)

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106 Research paper – Hemonic – 2018 – Reliable estimation of antimicrobial use and its evolution between 2010 and 2013 in French swine farms

106 Research paper
Reliable estimation of antimicrobial use and its evolution between 2010 and 2013 in French swine farms
by Hémonic, A., Chauvin, C., Delzescaux, D., Verliat, F. and I. Corrégé
2018 Porcine Health Management 4: 11p.
In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Veterinarian
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary: The French swine industry and the national authorities have been very focused om reducing the use of antimicrobials in swine production since 2010. A retrospective study on a representative sample of at least 150 farms has provided detailed information on the 2010 and 2013 antimicrobial use in the French swine farms. The results shows a strong and significant decrease in antimicrobial use in pigs between 2010 and 2013, which comply with the national target of 25% reduction by 2017. These results reflect that swine production professionals are very aware to the antimicrobial reduction objectives, and are the result of pre-2012 voluntary measures, such as the limitation on the use of 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins.
Country: FR

104 Biosecurity-Based Interventions and Strategies To Reduce Campylobacter spp on Poultry farms (Research paper; Newell, 2006)

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104 Research paper -Newell-2006-Biosecurity – Based Interventions and Strategies To Reduce Campylobacter spp on Poultry farms

104 Research paper
Biosecurity-Based Interventions and Strategies To Reduce Campylobacter spp. on Poultry Farms
by Newell, D.G., Elvers, K.T., Dopfer, D., Hansson, I., Jones, P., James, S., Gittins, J., Stern, N.J., Davies, R., Connerton, I. and D. Pearson
2006 Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77: 8605–8614
In Significant Impact Groups:
Prudent use AB \ Veterinarian
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary: The prevention and control of Campylobacter in poultry flocks are important public health strategies for the control of human campylobacteriosis. A critical review of the literature on interventions to control Campylobacter in poultry on farms was undertaken using a systematic approach. Multiple electronic databases were employed to search the literature, in any language, from 1980 to September 2008. Many of these studies gathered had poor design, sampling, and statistical analysis. The evidence for each potential source and route of transmission on the poultry farm was reviewed and the options for intervention were considered. The review concluded that biosecurity on conventional broiler farms can frequently be enhanced and this should contribute to the reduction of flock colonization. However, non-biosecurity-based approaches will also be required in the future to maximize the reduction of Campylobacter-positive flocks at the farm level.
Country: UK; SE; FR

82 A participatory approach to design monitoring indicators of production diseases in organic dairy farms (Research paper; Duval, 2016)

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Significant Impact Group(s): Other
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Young;Adult;
Outcome Parameter(s): herd health indicators
Summary: The participatory approach used in these studies in France and Sweden led to the design of indicators that permit farmers to monitor simultaneously the major health and welfare indicators associated with production diseases in dairy cattle. The indicators were farm-specific, adapted to the farmer’s objectives, herd health situations and/or decision-making processes. Therefore, when designing decision support tools for farmers, scientists should not aim at ‘one-size fits all’ tools. The analysis of the discussions between farmers and advisors on the indicators revealed that scientists and farmers use herd health indicators differently. While scientists use indicators for between-herd comparisons, farmers are interested in within-herd comparisons. This participatory approach also created a dialogue between farmers and advisors, allowing advisors to understand animal health management as an integral part of the farm system and the farmer’s objectives. This understanding is crucial for advisors aiming to contribute to animal health planning activities of all farmers.
82 Research paper – Duval – 2016 – A participatory approach to design monitoring indicators of production diseases in organic dairy farms
Where to find the original material:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587716301064; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.04.001
Country: FR; SE

82 Research paper – Duval – 2016 – A participatory approach to design monitoring indicators of production diseases in organic dairy farms

75 Macrolides and lincosamides in cattle and pigs: Use and development of antimicrobial resistance (Research paper; Pyorala, 2014)

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Significant Impact Group(s): Prudent use AB ; AMU reduction strategies
Species targeted: Pigs; Dairy; Beef;
Age: Young; Adult;
Outcome Parameter(s): Antimicrobial resistance to macrolides; Antimicrobial resistance to lincosamides; Antimicrobial use of macrolides; Antimicrobial use of lincosamides
Summary: Macrolides and lincosamides (ML) are important antimicrobials for the treatment of infections in cattle and pigs, although rarely the only alternative. The most common indications for ML are the treatment of major swine gastrointestinal and respiratory infections and of bovine respiratory disease. There are quite a large number of old products containing ML in the EU, and updating and harmonising the dosing regimens of these products are necessary. Acquired resistance to ML antimicrobials has emerged, with the greatest increase in resistance in Brachyspira. In-feed medications and long-acting injections resulting in low concentrations of the active substance for long periods may particularly contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Macrolides are considered as critically important and lincosamides as highly important in human medicine, although mostly for non-food-borne infections. Prudent use of ML antimicrobials approved for food animals is of crucial importance to maintain the efficacy of these important therapeutic alternatives.
75 Research paper – Pyorala- 2014 – Macrolides and lincosamides in cattle and pigs_ Use and development of antimicrobial resistance
Where to find the original material:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023314000823; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.02.028
Country: FI, DK, BE, NL, SE, ES, PT, LT, FR, UK,

75 Research paper – Pyorala- 2014 – Macrolides and lincosamides in cattle and pigs_ Use and development of antimicrobial resistance

35 French national mastitis plan by French Dairy Board (Farm Innovation)

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Significant Impact Group(s): AMU reduction strategies ; Other
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Young;Adult;
Summary: The mastitis plan:
Dairy production must meet the double challenge of competitiveness and quality. Mastitis, which is a major daily concern for breeders, affects working conditions, the quality of milk (especially the “somatic cells” criterion) and even income. Mastitis is still a hot topic for the dairy industry. The ambition of the national project “preventing and reducing mastitis in dairy farming” is to bring together experts in this area, to update, strengthen technical knowledge and provide all the elements for better mastitis control.
Topics are: What is mastitis, figures key, cell observatory, solve mastitis, economic impact, breeders testimonials. The mastitis plan also contains recent scientific articles and publications on mastitis. Another part is a tool box with ‘anti-mastitis habits’ which can be used on-farm.
Several PDF’s are attached to the website.
35 Farm Innovation – French national mastitis plan by French Dairy Board
Where to find the original material: (in French)
https://les-mammites-j-anticipe.com/;
Country: FR

35 Farm Innovation – French national mastitis plan by French Dairy Board

34 Ecoantibio by French Agricultural Ministry (Farm Innovation)

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Significant Impact Group(s): AMU reduction strategies ; Other
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary: Infographic – Ecoantibio: reducing the use of veterinary antibiotics:
The Ecoantibio plan has enabled a reduction of 39% in veterinary antibiotics in 6 years , all animal sectors combined. The 1st ecoantibio plan 2012-2016 aimed to reduce the use of antibiotics in animals by 25% in 5 years; The 2nd ecoantibio plan 2017-2021 aims to consolidate this result by continuing efforts; 2 million euros per year are devoted to research projects, training and awareness campaigns.
34 Farm Innovation – Ecoantibio by French Agricultural Ministry
Where to find the original material: (in French)
https://agriculture.gouv.fr/infographie-ecoantibio-reduire-lutilisation-des-antibiotiques-veterinaires-0;
Country: FR

34 Farm Innovation – Ecoantibio by French Agricultural Ministry

33 Biosecurity video by ITAVI (Farm Innovation)

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Significant Impact Group(s): Biosecurity \ Internal biosecurity; Housing and welfare
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary: This video illustrates the main stages of cleaning and disinfection in poultry buildings. Based on testimonials (veterinarian, cleaning professional), it highlights the key messages to remember. It also illustrates points of vigilance, such as deratting procedures, cleaning of pipes and supply silos or even maintenance of the routes. It will be a practical support for training, technical support or to be viewed directly by breeders.
33 Farm Innovation – Biosecurity video by ITAVI
Where to find the original material: (in English)
https://www.itavi.asso.fr/content/nettoyer-et-desinfecter-un-batiment-delevage-de-volailles-volailles-de-chair;
Country: FR

33 Farm Innovation – Biosecurity video by ITAVI

32 Biosecurity sheets by ITAVI (Farm Innovation)

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Significant Impact Group(s): Biosecurity \ Internal biosecurity; Housing and welfare
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary: This website consists of several educational sheets, about Avian influenza and biosafety measurements which can be taken on-farm. A farm-specific selection can be made; with differentiations like broilers, layers, breeding poultry, game, etc. The according sheets vary from ‘staff training’ to ‘plan of circulation’ or ‘pest and wild bird control’.
Additional sheets are separate PDF-documents.
32 Farm Innovation – Biosecurity sheets by ITAVI
Where to find the original material: (in English)
http://influenza.itavi.asso.fr/;
Country: FR

32 Farm Innovation – Biosecurity sheets by ITAVI