84 : A longitudinal field trial assessing the impact of feeding waste milk containing antibiotic residues on the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in calves (Research paper – Brunton, 2014)

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84 Research paper – Brunton – 2014 – A longitudinal field trial assessing the impact of feeding waste milk containing antibiotic residues on the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia col

84 : Research paper
A longitudinal field trial assessing the impact of feeding waste milk containing antibiotic residues on the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in calves.  Brunton, L.A., Reeves, H.E., Snow, L.C. and J.R. Jones. 2014. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 117: 403-412.

In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Young;

Summary: A field trial was done on a farm known to have resistant Escherichia coli, in order to understand if feeding calves with waste milk with antibiotic residues could lead to detecting more resistant bacteria in the faeces of calves. The findings of this study indicate that feeding waste milk with antibiotic residues on this farm increased the amount of resistant bacteria shed in the faeces. Resistant E. coli persists for longer after weaning in calves fed milk with resistant bacteria. These findings are applicable to the situation observed on this farm, but may differ on other farms depending on contents of the waste milk or level of contamination on the farm. Still, the antibiotics used on this farm have been commonly used on dairy farms in in England and Wales, so results shown can give an idea of what to expect in similar contexts.

84 : Research paper – Brunton – 2014 – A longitudinal field trial assessing the impact of feeding waste milk containing antibiotic residues on the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in calves
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587714002578; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.08.005

Country: UK

497 – Preconditioning systems a solution to decrease respiratory diseases in young bulls fattening units (Research paper – Vanbergue – 2020)

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497 Research paper – Vanbergue – 2020 – Preconditioning systems a solution to decrease respiratory diseases in young bulls fattening

497 Research paper
Preconditioning systems: a solution to decrease respiratory diseases in young bulls fattening units? by Vanbergue, E., Assie, S., Mounaix, B., Guiadeur, M., Aupiais, A., Cebron, N., Meyer, G., Philibert, A., Maillard, R. and G. Foucras 2020 Rencontres Recherches Ruminants : 25°
In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Vaccination, Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Beef;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Preconditioning of young bulls is implemented to prevent bovine respiratory diseases occurence in fattening units. A control/case study was set up in nine cow-calf operations and four fattening units to compare preconditioned and control cattle in a French context. Preconditioning protocol consisted of weaning calves 50 days before sale, with adaptation to solid feedstuff and housing. A trivalent vaccine protocol (BRSV, BPI3, Mannheimia haemolytica) and vitamins and micronutrients supplementation was also implemented in order to improve immunity to respiratory diseases. Contrary to what was expected, diseases incidence and lung lesion score were higher for preconditioned young bulls compared to controls. These results could be explained by the epidemiology context of fattening units, poor housing conditions in cow-calf herds and individual immune competence, in relation to immune status and previous vaccination. Pathogens detected in fattening units (BCoV, Pasteurella multocida…) were essentially different from the vaccine valences. This study identifies critical parameters for the settlement of preconditioning programs, and highlights the necessary adaptation to local conditions and husbandry factors.
Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/spip.php?article4725
Country: FR

496 – French dairy cows’ dry period state of play 2015-2017 (Research paper – Chanteperdrix – 2020)

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496 Research paper – Roussel – 2020 – French dairy cows’ dry period state of play 2015-2017

496 Research paper
French dairy cows’ dry period: state of play 2015-2017 by Roussel, D. Ballot, N., Gautier, P., Bore, R. and J. Jurquet 2020 Rencontres Recherches Ruminants 2020: Session Santé
In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer; Pathogen management
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
This study deals with the dry period of dairy cows. Its objective is to describe the current practices of French dairy farmer and to identify their needs as well as those of advisers in terms of technical advice on this phase of production cycle. It is based on an analysis of the national database of 2,914,921 dry cows from 2015 to 2017 and on two surveys. The first one, online, was conducted among 130 advisors from the main French dairy regions (73,8% advisers, 17,5% team supervisors and 8,7% veterinarians). The second, on farm, involved 79 farmers in Western and Eastern France. From 2015 to 2017, the median duration of the dry period was 63 days. The median milk production before drying off amounts to 16.9 kg / d with 9% of the cows over 25 kg / d. Epidemiological data show that the average new infection index in 2017 is 12% and the recovery index is 77%. But there are strong differences in results between farms which seem more linked to a herd effect than to individual effects (milk production/ cell count / drying period / …). Drying off and dry period practices are very diverse: five major treatment protocols to dry off are used. In addition, 78% of farmers use an antibiotic for drying off and 50% practice selective treatment. Similarly, 138 feeding programs are used, i.e. 1.7 per farm on average. Udder infections and milk fevers are the 2 main peripartum problems cited by 72% and 54% of farmers, respectively. The concerns of advisors relate primarily to: (i) feeding management (21%), treatment strategy (20%) and the decrease in milk production (19%) before dying off, ( ii) on dry-off protocols (47%) on the day of dry-off and (iii) on feeding and preparation for calving (39%) Farmers express similar themes. However, the nature of the information requested differs between farmers and advisors: farmers request more protocols whereas advisors ask for more basis of understanding.
Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/spip.php?article4725
Country: FR

495 – Perceptions, fears and motivations for the use of complementary and alternative medicines the results of a national survey of specialized breeders, technicians and vets in veal calves (Research paper – Chanteperdrix – 2020)

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495 Research paper – Chanteperdrix – 2020 – Perceptions, fears and motivations for the use of complementary and alternative medicines the results of a national survey of specialized breeders

495 Research paper
Perceptions, fears and motivations for the use of complementary and alternative medicines: the results of a national survey of specialized breeders, technicians and vets in the veal calves by Chanteperdrix, M. and S. Meurisse 2020 Rencontres Recherches Ruminants 2020: Session Santé
In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Beef;
Age: Young;
Summary:
The second EcoAntibio Plan promotes the use of alternative therapies, with more incentive than regulatory measures. Today, we have little information about the perceptions and knowledge of these medicines by actors in the veal sector. Therefore, a national survey, funded by FAM, was conducted among specialized breeders, technicians and veterinarians to identify the perceptions, fears and motivations for the use of complementary and alternative medicines. More than half of breeders already declare that they use them on their farms, mainly for the care of digestive and respiratory disorders. The main motivations for using these medicines are on the one hand a desire to reduce the use of antibiotics and on the other hand personal convictions. However, the lack of information and support is hampering professionals. Solutions must be found in the training of breeders, technicians and veterinarians who are many to express this need.
Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/spip.php?article4725
Country: FR

493 – Involve to help dairy farmers to improve practices. (Research paper – Mounaix – 2020)

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493 Research paper – Mounaix – 2020 – Involve to help dairy farmers to improve practices.

493 Research paper
Involve to help dairy farmers to improve practices. by Mounaix, B., Guiadeur, M., Jozan, T. and S Assie 2020 Rencontres Recherches Ruminants 2020: Session Santé
In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Vaccination Biosecurity
Species targeted: Dairy; Beef;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
The relationship between farmers’ attitude and on farm practices has been demonstrated. A trial to test dam vaccination on calf protection has permitted to survey 36 dairy farmers on their perception of this practice: 6 months before the trial (2017), 77% of them had a preventive perception of the vaccination but they associated it to rather curative practices. Their implication through the trial has improved their understanding of calf passive immunity and of the role of colostrum into this process (75% of answers), but also the importance of the delay for colostrum intake (72%) and of the quality of colostrum (65%). After the trial, the farmers declared to be determined to change their practices regarding the distribution of colostrum to improve the health of calves at farm. These results confirmed the benefits of practical application to facilitate the changes in attitude and practices.
Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/spip.php?article4942
Country: FR

492 – Concomitant vaccination of cows and awareness to colostrum distribution positive impacts on veal calves strength (Research paper – Mounaix – 2020)

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492 Research paper – Mounaix – 2020 – Concomitant vaccination of cows and awareness to colostrum distribution positive impacts on veal calves strength

492 Research paper
Concomitant vaccination of cows and awareness to colostrum distribution: positive impacts on veal calves strength by Mounaix B., Chanteperdrix M., Jozan T. and S. Assie 2020 Rencontres Recherches Ruminants : Session santé
In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Vaccination; Biosecurity
Species targeted: Beef; Dairy;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
The impact of the concomitant vaccination of cows to protect the young calf against neonatal diarrhoea and respiratory diseases was tested: in 40 dairy farms, 819 dams were vaccinated at drying with recommendation to distribute to their calf 4L of colostrum within 6 hours after calving. 211 calves of those vaccinated cows and 214 calves without known history were compared in 10 veal calves fattening farms. Within the first 45 days, calves from vaccinated cows received 1 antibiotic treatment less than other calves and less antibiotic matter. The impact was visible from the arrival at fattening unit: 1.8 less risk for vaccinated cow calves to show clinical respiratory disease, and a higher weight (1 kg) at equivalent ages. As a consequence, the mortality of calves from vaccinated cows was lower.
Where to find the original material: http://journees3r.fr/spip.php?article4943

Country: FR

490 – Benefits from cutting antibiotic use in dry cows (Research report – Mc Pherson – 2019)

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490 Research report – Mc Pherson – 2019 – Benefits from cutting antibiotic use in dry cows

490 Research report
Benefits from cutting antibiotic use in dry cows by Mc Pherson L. 2019 British Dairying 2019: 50-52
In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Managing sick animals; Targeted use of antibiotics; Prudent use AB
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Selective Dry Cow Therapy (SDCT) is becoming more common on many dairy farms in response to increasing pressure to use antibiotics responsibly in agriculture, as well as the demands from milk buyers and supermarkets. Trials have shown that cows with no evidence of existing infection within the udder can be successfully dried off with only a teat sealant. The use of antibiotic dry cow therapy can then be targeted to only those cows with evidence of infection at dry off—usually indicated by a high somatic cell count in late lactation.
Where to find the original material: https://www.fas.scot/publication/selective-dry-cow-therapy/;
Country: UK

484 – A randomized controlled trial to evaluate performance of pigs raised in antibiotic-free or conventional production systems following challenge with PRRSV (Research paper – Dee – 2018)

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484 Research paper – Dee – 2018 – A randomized controlled trial to evaluate performance of pigs raised in antibiotic-free or conventional production systems following

484 Research paper
A randomized controlled trial to evaluate performance of pigs raised in antibiotic-free or conventional production systems following challenge with porcine reproductive and respiratory by Dee, S., Guzman, J.E., Hanson, D., Garbes, N., Morrison, R., Amodie, D., and L. G. Pantoja 2018 PLoS One 13: e0208430
In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
There is growing advocacy for antibiotic-free (ABF) livestock production to minimize the emergence of antibiotic-resistant food-borne pathogens and subsequent human exposure to these treatment-refractory organisms. This trend has been driven by the escalating presence of antibiotic resistance, including multi-drug resistance, among a variety of important bacterial pathogens that infect both animals and humans. In food-animal settings, resistant pathogens include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), multi-drug resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella, ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter spp, multi-drug resistant E. coli, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Under the conditions of this study, these results indicate that in a PRRSV-endemic setting involving bacterial co-infections, an ABF production strategy may leave pigs at considerable risk of exposure to severe clinical disease and that judicious use of antibiotics can significantly improve animal health.
Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6283559/pdf/pone.0208430.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208430
Country: US

473 – Post weaning diarrhea in pigs – Risk factors and non-colistin-based control strategies (Research paper – Rhouma – 2017)

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473 Research paper – Rhouma – 2017 – Post weaning diarrhea in pigs_ risk factors and non-colistin-based control strategies

473 Research paper
Post weaning diarrhea in pigs: risk factors and non-colistin-based control strategies by Rhouma, M., Fairbrother, J.M., Beaudry, F., and A. Letellier 2017 Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 59: 31
In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Managing sick animals; Targeted use of antibiotics; Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) due to Escherichia coli is an economically important disease in pig production worldwide, affecting pigs during the first 2 weeks after weaning and characterized by sudden death or diarrhea, dehydration, and growth retardation in surviving piglets. Furthermore, many stress factors associated with the weaning period, such as removal from the sow, dietary changes, adapting to a new environment, mixing of pigs from different farms and histological changes in the small intestine, may negatively affect the response of immune system and lead to an intestinal gut dysfunction in pigs.
Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5437690/pdf/13028_2017_Article_299.pdf; https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2Fs13028-017-0299-7
Country: CA

472 – Case–control study of pathogens involved in piglet diarrhea (Research paper – Ruiz – 2016)

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472 Research paper – Ruiz – 2016 – Case–control study of pathogens invo

472 Research paper
Case–control study of pathogens involved in piglet diarrhea by Ruiz, V.L.A., Bersano, J.G., Carvalho, A.F., Catroxo, M.H.B., Chiebao, D.P., Gregori, F., Miyashiro, S., Nassar, A.F.C., Oliveira, T.M.F.S., 2016 BMC Research Notes 9: 22
In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Diarrhea in piglets can be caused by several pathogenic agents, including Campylobacter spp., Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., group A rotavirus (RV-A), coronaviruses (transmissible gastroenteritis virus—TGEV; porcine epidemic diarrhea virus—PEDV), as well as by nematode and protozoan parasites. However, most studies have focused on a few or only one agent and consequently our understanding of the relative importance of pathogens and other factors may have strong biases.
Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4710041/pdf/13104_2015_Article_1751.pdf
Country: BR