356 – Experiments in animal farming practice – The case of decreasing the use of antimicrobials in livestock France (Research paper – Joly – 2016)

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356 Research paper – Joly – 2016 – Experiments in animal farming practice_ the case of decreasing the use of antimicrobials in livestock France

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Other
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
Many farmers are engaged in home experiments about animal health. This paper offers a first characterization of experiments by 40 dairy, pig and poultry farmers working in organic, labelled or conventional systems. We found that farmers carry out multiple tests, mainly with alternative medicines. There is a clear tendency of transferring positive tests for a given pathology to one another. Seven portraits of farmers are presented to shed light on complementary dimensions of experiments: the appeal of novelty, the role of vets and technicians, and the role of farmers groups and training. It can be concluded that much can be learned from ethnographic investigation in order to grasp what farmers are experiencing when they endeavour to solve animal health problems.

Where to find the original material: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01580679
Country: FR

355 – Learnings from an exploratory implementation of an innovative training-program to reduce antibiotic use in the dairy sector (Research paper – Poizat – 2018)

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355 Research paper – Poizat – 2018 – Learnings from an exploratory implementation of an innovative training-program to reduce antibiotic use in the dairy sector

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Agri-advisor; AMU reduction strategies
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
In the dairy sector, antibiotics are mostly used for the control and treatment of mastitis. A study in Western France evaluate effectiveness, strengths and weaknesses of an innovative training program: one classroom-training day, virtual classrooms, and an individual support with the farmer. Two groups of farmers addressed two different themes, depending on their herds’ udder health: (1) Mastitis prevention during lactation for herds with frequent clinical mastitis(2) Selective instead of blanket dry cow therapy for herds with good udder health. Some farmers appreciated the virtual classroom training method because it was flexible (frequency, timetable, etc.) and little time consuming. However, connection or computing logistic problems made the participation in the virtual classrooms difficult. For the “prevention” group, results also showed limited improvement of knowledge, perception and practices of farmers. Improvement of knowledge and perception was significant. Both exposed and non-exposed farmers did improve their practices of antibiotic use at dry-off.

Where to find the original material: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327845718_Learnings_from_an_exploratory_implementation_of_an_innovative_training-program_to_reduce_antibiotic_use_in_the_dairy_sector;
Country: FR

354 – Antibiotic use by farmers to control mastitis as influenced by health advice and dairy farming systems (Research paper – Poizat – 2017)

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354 Research paper – Poizat – 2017 – Antibiotic use by farmers to control mastitis as influenced by health advice and dairy farming systems

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer; AMU reduction strategies
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
A French survey of 51 dairy farms showed that the advisory relationships between farmers and farm advisors and between farmers and veterinarians influenced the implementation of selective dry cow therapy, but had very little effect on the use of alternative medicines by farmers, who were more willing to experiment alternative medicines than their advisors. The dairy farming system had very little influence on antibiotic use: some misuse of antibiotics was found whatever the farming system. Systematic dry cow therapy was also a widespread habit in all dairy farming systems except organic. The use of alternative medicine was common in all farming systems.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587717300442?via%3Dihub; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.07.016
Country: FR

349 – Extended lactation of dairy cows (Research report – van Eekeren – 2012)

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349 Research report – van Eekeren – 2012 – Extended lactation of dairy cows

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Extended lactation has been shown successful in goat and sheep. The aim of this paper was to investigate to what extend dairy cows can benefit from extended lactations also. Extended lactation reduces the number of calvings. Most of the health problems are observed around calving (end of the dry period up to 6 weeks after parturition) and therefore extended lactations can improve animal health and welfare and improve job satisfaction for the farmer. Based on a dataset of 116 organic dairy farms, calculations were made to find out to what extent the total milk production per cow was affected by the lower daily milk production and the overall shorter dry period at extended lactations. Extended lactations were defined as lactations of 500 days or more. About 6% of the lactations on a farm were classified as extended, although this varied among farms. According to the authors the lowered daily milk production was covered by the increased number of milking days and overall shorter dry period. Theoretically, the overall milk production could even be higher than total milk production collected at mean lactations of 345 days (which was the average lactation length of the farms). However good food quality, good management and healthy animals are needed to make extended lactation successful.

Where to find the original material: https://www.louisbolk.org/downloads/2544.pdf;
Country: NL

348 Mastitis therapy with immune cells by Mastivax (Industry Innovation)

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348 Industry Innovation – Mastitis therapy with immune cells by Mastivax

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
A new therapy for mastitis is being developed by Mastivax without the need of using antibiotics. Blood of an infected dairy cow is collected and the immune cells are isolated. The immune cells are then injected into the infected part of the udder. Under laboratory settings it has been demonstrated that the immune cells kill the bacteria causing mastitis. However this procedure needs further research to investigate effectiveness and treatment frequency.

Where to find the original material: https://www.nieuweoogst.nl/nieuws/2018/12/18/mastitis-behandelen-met-immuuncellen;
Country: NL

347 – Non-antibiotic approaches for disease prevention and control in beef and veal production – A scoping review (Research paper – Wisener – 2019)

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347 Research paper – Wisener – 2019 – Non-antibiotic approaches for disease prevention and control in beef and veal production_ a scoping review

In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements; Specific alternatives
Species targeted: Beef;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
A scoping review (systematically map the literature with regard to the extent, range, and nature of the existing research) on non-antibiotic interventions in the form of products or management practices that could potentially reduce the need for antibiotics in beef and veal animals living under intensive production conditions was conducted. The objectives of this review were 3-fold: first, to examine and describe the range and nature of research on nonantibiotic approaches that may ultimately reduce the need for medically important antibiotics to prevent, control, or treat illnesses in beef and veal production; second, to identify areas where the available literature may support systematic reviews that could summarize the effect of specific non-antibiotic approaches within the broader topic area; and third, to identify knowledge gaps where additional primary research might provide valuable insight into the effectiveness of different specific nonantibiotic approaches. The four most frequent interventions included non-antibiotic feed additives, vaccinations, breed type, and feed type.

Where to find the original material: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32081121/; https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252319000252
Country: CA

344 – Usage of Antibiotics in Agricultural Livestock in the Netherlands in 2017 Trends and benchmarking of livestock farms and veterinarians (Research report – Sda – 2018)

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344 Research report – Sda – 2018 – Usage of Antibiotics in Agricultural Livestock in the Netherlands in 2017 Trends and benchmarking of livestock farms and veterinarians

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance; Antibiotic use
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Other;
Age: Different for different species;
Summary:
In 2017, the turkey and broiler farming sectors managed to substantially reduce their antibiotic use in terms of defined daily doses animal (DDDANAT). They achieved reductions of 23.7% and 7.8%, respectively. Less prominent reductions of 3.6% and 1.9% were observed for the veal and pig farming sectors, respectively. The cattle farming sector’s usage level increased slightly over the 2016-2017 period, by 2.2%. In 2017, no distinct shifts towards lower benchmark zones occurred in the veal farming sector. The pig farming sector saw an undesirable rise in the percentage of farms with weaner pigs recording action zone usage levels. This development was due to the new benchmark thresholds introduced in 2016.The SDa expert panel recommends paying special attention to outlier farms. In 2017, sales of antibiotics in terms of kilograms of active substances amounted to 181,097 kg.

Where to find the original material: https://www.autoriteitdiergeneesmiddelen.nl/en/news/28/sda-report-usage-of-antibiotics-in-agricultural-livestock-in-the-netherlands-in-2017 ;
Country: NL

343 – Associations between antimicrobial use and the prevalence of resistant micro-organisms Is it possible to benchmark livestock farms based on resistance data (Research report – Sda – 2016)

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343 Research report – Sda – 2016 – Associations between antimicrobial use and the prevalence of resistant micro-organisms Is it possible to benchmark livestock farms based on resistance dat

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance; Antibiotic use
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Beef;
Age: Young;
Summary:
An expert panel analyzed the relationship between antimicrobial use in the Dutch livestock sector and the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant micro-organisms in livestock. Changes in usage and resistance levels between 2009 and 2014, for most of the commonly used antibiotics, the strongest declines in usage levels were observed in the pig (54%) and broiler (57%) farming sectors. In most livestock sectors, total and antimicrobial-specific usage levels are clearly associated with the antimicrobial-specific resistance levels. Is it possible to benchmark livestock farms based on resistance data? This would require information on resistance-related risks such as public health risks, and currently available data do not allow for quantification of such risks. If an acceptable resistance level were to be determined, the corresponding antimicrobial usage level could serve as the basis for benchmarking values. As yet, however, no acceptable resistance level has been defined.

Where to find the original material: https://cdn.i-pulse.nl/autoriteitdiergeneesmiddelen/userfiles/Publications/def-engels-rapport-abgebruik-en-resistentie-0516.pdf;
Country: NL

342 – Eindrapportage Veerkracht van Melkvee I – Verandering van dynamiek voorspellende kracht (Research report – van Dixhoorn – 2016)

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342 Research report – van Dixhoorn – 2016 – Eindrapportage Veerkracht van Melkvee I_ Verandering van dynamiek voorspellende kracht

In Significant Impact Groups: Other
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
The transition period is a critical phase in the life of dairy cows. Early identification of cows at risk for disease would allow for early intervention and optimization of the transition period. To examine the relationship between the risk to develop diseases early in lactation and dynamic patterns of high-resolution, physiological and behavioural data, were continuously recorded in individual cows before calving. The results suggest that quantitative parameters derived from sensor data may reflect the level of resilience of individual cows. The developed model offers sufficient perspective to provide predictive value for individual cows as to how well they manage the transition period. Early detection (during dry state) enables adjustment for the lactation period. In combination with Koe-kompas this is a valuable tool in the PDCA (Plan Do Check Act) cycle. A number of aspects from Critical Slowing Down theory can be applied to the individual animal.

Where to find the original material: http://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/386110; http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/386110
Country: NL

340 – Efficacy of non-antibiotic treatment options for digital dermatitis on an organic dairy farm (Research paper – Paudyal – 2020)

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340 Research paper – Paudyal – 2020 – Efficacy of non-antibiotic treatment options for digital dermatitis on an organic dairy farm

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Other
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two non-antibiotic treatment options for digital dermatitis (DD) (1) topical application of copper sulfate and iodine (CUI); (2) topical application of honey and iodine (HOI); and (3) control subject to no treatment (CON). A randomized clinical trial was conducted using 70 multiparous Holstein cows with an early DD lesion at a USDA certified organic dairy farm in Northern Colorado, USA. The two non-antibiotic formulations resulted in an earlier transition to mature lesions compared with the control group. The CUI combination was the most effective treatment in reducing lesion size, pain, and lameness in affected cows. However, this combination had short-term efficacy, which did not persist throughout the duration of the study. The HOI combination produced only transient reduction in lesion size.

Where to find the original material: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023319301509; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.105417
Country: USA