289 – Effects of quaternary benzo(c)phenanthridine alkaloids on growth performance shedding of organisms and gastrointestinal tract integrity in pigs (Research paper – Robbins – 2013)

/in , , /by

 

 

289 Research paper – Robbins – 2013 – Effects of quaternary benzo(c)phenanthridine alkaloids on growth performance shedding of organisms and gastrointestinal tract integrity in pigs inocula

In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feeding management Specific alternatives
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
A study was done to measure the effects of quaternary benzo(c)phenanthridine alkaloids (QBAs) against Salmonella spp and determine effects on growth performance, organism shedding, and gastrointestinal tract integrity in pigs inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium. Pigs were inoculated with Salmonella organisms and placed in 4 groups: receiving diets supplemented with 1.5 g of QBAs/1,000 kg of feed, 0.75 g of QBAs/1,000 kg of feed, or 59.4 g of chlortetracycline/1,000 kg of feed or a nonsupplemented diet. Diets containing QBAs decreased Salmonella spp shedding; shedding was lower 40 days after inoculation for pigs fed diets containing QBAs or chlortetracycline. Growth performance was similar for pigs fed diets containing QBA or chlortetracycline. Gastrointestinal tract integrity improved in pigs fed the diet containing 1.5 g of QBAs/1,000 kg of feed.QBAs and chlortetracycline decreased Salmonella spp shedding but did not differ regarding growth performance. Gut integrity was slightly better in pigs fed diets containing QBAs.

Robins – 2013 – Effects of quaternary benzo(c)phenanthridine alkaloids on growth performance, shedding of organismsm and gastrointestinal tract integrity in pigs

Where to find the original material: https://avmajournals.avma.org/doi/full/10.2460/ajvr.74.12.1530; https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.74.12.1530
Country: US

288 – Effects of dietary allicin on health and growth performance of weanling piglets and reduction in attractiveness of faeces to flies (Research paper – Huang – 2010)

/in , , , , , /by

 

 

288 Research paper – Huang – 2010 – Effects of dietary allicin on health and growth performance of weanling piglets and reduction in attractiveness of faeces to flies

In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
The effect of allicin on health and growth performance of weanling piglets was investigated at 21 days of age. Two hundred and twenty-five piglets were weaned and allocated into five groups. Piglets in the control group were fed diets supplemented with antibiotics. In the treatment groups pigs were fed diets without antibiotics, but supplemented with allicin product (25% pure allicin oil) with 0.10 g/kg, 0.15 g/kg, 0.20 g/kg and 0.25 g/kg in the diet, respectively. After 28 days, the average daily weight gain increased as the level of dietary allicin increased; whereas feed gain ratio, the incidence of diarrhoea in the treatment piglets decreased (especially female piglets) and the number of flies on the surface of the faeces decrease with increased allicin. In conclusion, diets with allicin may improve growth performance, reduce the incidence of diarrhoea and improve their local environmental conditions due to lower number of flies.

Where to find the original material: https://europepmc.org/article/med/22440775; https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731110001953
Country: CN; US

287 – Use of a micro-encapsulated eucalyptus-medium chain fatty acids product as an alternative to zinc oxide and antibiotics (Research paper – Han – 2011)

/in , , , , , /by

 

 

287 Research paper – Han – 2011 – Use of a micro-encapsulated eucalyptus-medium chain fatty acids product as an alternative to zinc oxide and antibiotics

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ New antibiotics; Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
The effects of eucalyptus-medium chain fatty acids (E-MCFAs), zinc oxide (ZnO), and antibiotics on performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum chemistry parameters of were studied in nursery pigs. Three experiments were conducted. Recently weaned pigs, were given five treatments consisting of a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with antibiotics (33 mg per kg tiamulin and 44 mg per kg lincomycin), ZnO (1500 or 2500 mg per kg), or 0.1% E-MCFAs (Experiments One and Two). In Experiment Three, 1% diatomaceous earth was added and the negative control was not used. In all three experiments, performance of pigs fed the four supplemented diets did not differ. Digestibility was higher in the diet supplemented with E-MCFAs than in diets supplemented with ZnO or antibiotics. This study indicates eucalyptus-MCFAs can be successfully used as a growth promoter in diets fed to nursery pigs.

Where to find the original material: https://www.aasv.org/shap/issues/v19n1/v19n1p34.html;
Country: KR, CA

286 KNMvD Guideline Antimicrobial use in dry cow therapy by KNMvD (Tools & Checklists)

/in , , , , , /by

 

 

286 ToolsChecklists – KNMvD Guideline Antimicrobial use in dry cow therapy by KNMvD

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Veterinarian
Species targeted: Dairy;
Summary:
This first veterinary guideline in the Netherlands was written to provide the bovine practitioners in the Netherlands with advice about prescription and use of antimicrobials regarding drying off dairy cows with minimization of preventive use of antimicrobials due to (sub)clinical mastitis (KNMvD 2014).The guideline is in Dutch and was published on 4 November 2013 and was adopted by the board of the KNMvD on 10 January 2014.

Where to find the original material: https://www.knmvd.nl/richtlijn-antimicrobiele-middelen-bij-het-droogzetten-van-koeien/;
Country: Netherlands;

285 – Effect of Brazilian red pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) essential oil on performance diarrhea and gut health of weanling pigs (Research paper – Gois – 2016)

/in , , , , , /by

 

 

285 Research paper – Gois – 2016 – Effect of Brazilian red pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) essential oil on performance diarrhea and gut health of weanling pigs

In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements; Specific alternatives
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary Brazilian red pepper essential oil and an antimicrobial agent on weanling pig growth performance, diarrhea, pH of the digestive content, small intestine cells, and intestine microbial counts. Ninety weanling castrated male pigs were given five treatments: a diet supplemented with 0 (negative control), 500, 1000, and 1500mg/kg Brazilian red pepper essential oil vs with 120mg/kg chlorohydroxyquinoline (antibiotic). Treatments had no effect on growth performance, diarrhea occurrence, pH of the digestive content, gut mucosa and intestinal microbial counts of weanling pigs. However, pigs fed the diet containing 500mg/kg essential oil had thicker gut mucosa than those fed diets containing the antibiotic or 1000 and 1500 mg/ kg essential oil. Thus, Brazilian red pepper essential oil and the antibiotic are of limited benefit for enhancing the growth of weanling pigs. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of growth enhancer additives may be reduced in non-challenging situations.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871141315300354; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.11.009
Country: BR

284 – Essential oils and aromatic plants in animal feeding – A European perspective – A review (Research paper – Franz – 2009)

/in , , , , , , , /by

 

 

284 Research paper – Franz – 2009 – Essential oils and aromatic plants in animal feeding – a European perspective A review

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Pre-/probiotics
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep; Other;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
In the last years there has been substantial interest on the use of aromatic herbs and essential oils as feed additives in animal nutrition. Significant antimicrobial effects of several essential oils and compounds against gut organisms in farm animals have been shown. Specific Escherichia coli strains could be controlled by in-feed application of carvacrol-rich essential oils, and the effect of some essential oil components against Clostridium perfringens and necrotic enteritis was confirmed in poultry. In ruminants, an improvement of the digestion was observed. Aromatic plants and essential oil compounds improve stability and palatability of animal feed and improved shelf-life and quality of animal products. The ‘growth-promoting effect’ of essential oils is not as evident. Nonetheless, the overall efficacy of essential oils and aromatic herbs, especially their impact on the health status and benefit of animals and humans (via the food chain) is encouraging further research and development in this field.

Where to find the original material: Essential oils and aromatic plants in animal feeding – a European perspective. A review. – Franz – 2010 – Flavour and Fragrance Journal – Wiley Online Library; https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1967
Country: TR; AT

283 – Antibiotic alternatives_ the substitution of antibiotics in animal husbandry (Research paper – Cheng – 2014)

/in , , , , , , , /by

 

 

283 Research paper – Cheng – 2014 – Antibiotic alternatives_ the substitution of antibiotics in animal husbandry

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ New antibiotics
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep; Other;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
It is a common practice for decades to use of sub-therapeutic dose of antibiotics in food-animal feeds to prevent animals from diseases and to improve production performance in modern animal husbandry. Concerns over the increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria have prompted efforts to develop so-called alternatives to antibiotics. This review summarizes recent development and perspectives of alternatives to antibiotics. The mechanism of actions, applications of the alternatives such as immunity modulating agents, bacteriophages and their lysins, antimicrobial peptides, pro-, pre-, and synbiotics, plant extracts, inhibitors targeting pathogenicity, and feeding enzymes are discussed. Lastly, the feasibility of these alternatives is analyzed. The conclusion is that these alternatives are not likely to replace antibiotics in animals in a foreseeable future. Therefore, prudent use of antibiotics and the establishment of scientific monitoring systems are the best and fastest way to limit the adverse effects of overuse of antibiotics.

Where to find the original material: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00217/full; https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00217
Country: CN

282 – Influence of applying broiler welfare laws on unit cost (Research paper – Tudorache – 2014)

/in , , , , /by

 

 

282 Research paper – Tudorache – 2014 – Influence of applying broiler welfare laws on unit cost

In Significant Impact Groups: Housing and welfare
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
European Union and especially some national governments have gradually increased production costs by political decisions of introducing new rules concerning food safety, protection of environment and animal welfare. This paper has been performed to assess economic consequences of applying broiler welfare laws on unit cost by kg live weight. The study was performed during four years with production data from six top poultry farms from Romania before (V1) and after the introduction of broiler welfare rules (V2 and V3). Analyzing these percentages has revealed that unit cost is 1.81% higher in variant V2 than in variant V1 and 3.43% higher in variant V3 compared to base variant. On the other hand, welfare rules also brings savings in unit costs between 1.12% for biological material and feeds – V2 and 37.50% for ventilation energy – V3.

Where to find the original material: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/INFLUENCE-OF-APPLYING-BROILER-WELFARE-LAWS-ON-UNIT-Tudorache-Custur%C4%83/308e9485d75e55e090d46b8242a34402e4cb108d
Country: RO

281 – Relationship Between Barn Hygiene and Lameness Prevalence in Thirty-Five Transylvanian Dairy Farms (Research paper – Popescu – 2010)

/in , , , , , /by

 

 

281 Research paper – Popescu – 2010 – Relationship Between Barn Hygiene and Lameness Prevalence in Thirty- Five Transylvanian Dairy Farms

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
This study focuses on the relationship between hygiene and lameness prevalence in dairy cattle kept in tie-stall barns in Transylvania (Romania). The barns’ hygiene was assessed based on the body hygiene of the housed cattle. The prevalence of lameness was determined and the cleanliness of the two body areas of the cows in 35 dairy farms with tie-stall housing. A total of 2028 dairy cows were evaluated. The percentage of hygiene scores of 3 and 4 for the upper leg and flank was on average 41% and for the lower leg on average 33%, with significant differences between the hygiene of the two body areas. They found an association between leg hygiene and lameness, both with respect to lower leg hygiene and upper leg and flank hygiene. The obtained results showed that the poor hygiene of barn represents a risk factor associated to lameness prevalence in tied dairy cattle.

Where to find the original material: http://journals.usamvcluj.ro/index.php/veterinary/article/view/5956; http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:67:1:5956
Country: RO

280 – Medicinal Plants Based Products Tested on Pathogens Isolated from Mastitis Milk (Research paper – Pasca – 2017)

/in , , , , , /by

 

 

280 Research paper – Pasca – 2017 – Medicinal Plants Based Products Tested on Pathogens Isolated from Mastitis Milk

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ New antibiotics
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
The search for alternative drugs based on plants has become a priority in livestock medicine. In this context, the main objective of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effect of extracts and products of several plants on pathogens isolated from bovine mastitis. A total of eleven plant alcoholic extracts and eight plant-derived products were tested against 32 microorganisms from milk. The obtained results have shown an inhibition of bacterial growth for all tested plants, with better results for Evernia prunastri, Artemisia absinthium, and Lavandula angustifolia. Moreover, E. prunastri, Populus nigra, and L. angustifolia presented small averages of minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations. Among the plant-derived products, three out of eight have shown a strong anti-microbial effect comparable with the effect of florfenicol and enrofloxacin. These results suggest an important anti-microbial effect of these products on pathogens isolated from bovine mastitis with a possible applicability in this disease.

Where to find the original material: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/9/1473; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22091473
Country: RO