376- Effect of Brazilian red pepper Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi essential oil on performance diarrhea and gut health of weanling pigs (Research paper – Gois – 2016)

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376 Research paper – Gois – 2016 – Effect of Brazilian red pepper Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi essential oil on performance diarrhea and gut health of weanling pigs

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
This research paper describes the effect of Brazilian red pepper on performance, diarrhoea and gut health of weanling pigs. The authors extracted the essential oil from the Brazilian red pepper and experienced positive effects on gastrointestinal health, translating in improved overall health as well as animal performance. The work is performed on weaning piglets, and makes extrapolation to final slaughter weight difficult.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1871141315300354?via%3Dihub; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.11.009
Country: BR

375- Essential oils and aromatic plants in animal feeding – A European perspective A review (Research paper – Franz – 2010)

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375 Research paper – Franz – 2010 – Essential oils and aromatic plants in animal feeding – a European perspective A review

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
This article gives an overview of application of plant and herb extracts as substitute for antibiotics in livestock production. The authors are experts in the field of European as well as non-European herbs, plant extracts and aromatic plant substances, and contributed to the classification and standardisation of these substances. Depending on the intended applications, a portfolio of blends is possible. The article also shows the clear potential of traditional Chinese medicinal plants in improving livestock performance and health. Not all plant extracts are already accepted in European legislation, but leaves room for innovative solutions.

Where to find the original material: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ffj.1967; https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1967
Country: AT

374- Antibiotic alternatives_ the substitution of antibiotics in animal husbandry (Research paper – Chengn – 2014)

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374 Research paper – Chengn – 2014 – Antibiotic alternatives_ the substitution of antibiotics in animal husbandry

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep;
Age: Different for different species;
Summary:
This article provides an overview of substitutes for antibiotics, having potential in livestock production. The article describes a range of antibiotic alternatives, ranging from plant extract to prebiotic functional feed ingredients. All of the functional feed ingredients show potential in improving animal performance, as well as a contribution to increase health in terrestrial livestock. There is no clear preference for a particular functional feed ingredient, and final selection will mainly depend on farmer expectations as well as commercial price setting (which is not a fixed asset).

Where to find the original material: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00217/full; doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00217
Country: CN

372 – Antimicrobial Usage and Resistance in Dairy Cattle Production (Research paper – Loo – 2019)

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372 Research paper – Loo – 2019 – Antimicrobial Usage and Resistance in Dairy Cattle Production

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ None
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
The chapter explain antimicrobial usage in dairy cattle production and the recent approaches and challenges on AMR.

Where to find the original material: https://www.intechopen.com/books/veterinary-medicine-and-pharmaceuticals/antimicrobial-usage-and-resistance-in-dairy-cattle-production; https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.81365
Country: MY

371- Practical strategies to reduce antimicrobial use in dairy farming (Research report – EuroDairy – 2018)

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371 Research report – EuroDairy – 2018 – Practical strategies to reduce antimicrobial use in dairy farming

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ None
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult; Young;
Summary:
This report highlights the extent of quantitative reduction which can be achieved, both in overall antimicrobial use, and especially of Critically Important Antibiotics (CIA’s) whose efficacy must be preserved for use in human medicine. EuroDairy gathered intelligence through its partners and wider networks, organized a cross border workshop, farmer exchange visits, technical webinars, and linked to regional Operational Groups focussed on reducing antibiotics. The only way to sustainably reduce the risk of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is through an integrated approach to disease control, which sustainably improves animal health. Hotspots for antibiotic use are treatment for mastitis (including dry cow therapy), lameness and foot health, respiratory disease and young stock health.

Where to find the original material: https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/documents/downloadPublic?documentIds=080166e5c0d054f7&appId=PPGMS;
Country: SE; DK; NL; UK; BE; FR; ES

370 – Antimicrobial Effect of Zophobas morio Hemolymph against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens (Research paper – Du – 2020)

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370 Research paper – Du – 2020 – Antimicrobial Effect of Zophobas morio Hemolymph against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
In the present study, we showed the protective effect of Zophobas morio (Z. morio) hemolymph on bovine mammary epithelial cells against bacterial infection. Z. morio hemolymph directly kills both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria through membrane permeation and prevents the adhesion of E. coli or the clinically isolated S. simulans strain to bovine mammary epithelial (MAC-T) cells. In addition, Z. morio hemolymph downregulates the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family member pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and NLRP6, as well as inhibits the secretion of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and IL-18, which attenuates E. coli or S. simulans-induced pyroptosis. Overall, our results suggest the potential role of Z. morio hemolymph as a novel therapeutic candidate for bovine mastitis.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7601528/; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101488
Country: CN

369 – Bovine mastitis_ risk factors therapeutic strategies and alternative treatments — A review (Research paper – Cheng – 2020)

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369 Research paper – Cheng – 2020 – Bovine mastitis_ risk factors therapeutic strategies and alternative treatments — A review

Specific alternatives \ Other
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
The etiological agents of Bovine mastitis include a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and can be either contagious (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Mycoplasma spp.) or environmental (e.g., Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Streptococcus uberis). The extensive use of antibiotics increased concerns about emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens and that led the dairy industries to reduce the use of antibiotics. This review provides an overview of bovine mastitis in the aspects of risk factors, control and treatments, and emerging therapeutic alternatives in the control of bovine mastitis.

Where to find the original material:
Country: CN

368 – Dietary zinc source affects performance and intestinal health in broilers (Research report – De Grande – 2020)

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368 Research report – De Grande – 2020 – Dietary zinc source affects performance and intestinal health in broilers

In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Young;
Summary:
In supplementation of zinc as a complex with amino acids has larger effects on gut health of broilers compared to an inorganic source such as ZnSO4. Especially in periods of stress larger effects are observed regarding feed conversion, gut morphology and meat quality. An optimal gut health is crucial for healthy growth of broilers. Several factors such as high environmental temperatures, put more stress on the health and integrity of the gut. Supplementation of the Zinc can be of support. Zinc is an essential trace element that is known to be part of several biological processes. Still, its supplementation can be done with various sources. This study investigated whether the source of Zinc, either organic or inorganic, has an effect on the gut morphology, technical performance and meat quality of broilers. The best results were attained when supplementing in feed with an organic zinc-amino acid complex, especially in stressful periods.

Where to find the original material: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez525
Country: BE

366 – Piglet gut microbial shifts early in life – Causes and effects (Research paper – Guevarra – 2019)

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366 Research paper – Guevarra – 2019 – Piglet gut microbial shifts early in life_ causes and effects

In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
The establishment and maintenance of a beneficial gut microbiota early in life is crucial in pigs. The intestinal microbiota is known to play major roles in the development of immune system and the overall health of piglets. Piglets are exposed to a number of stressors during the weaning transition. This review provides a general overview of recent studies on effects on weaned piglet gut microbiota. Several factors that influence the gut microbiota are described: diet and diet change, probiotics, prebiotic and synbiotics, antibiotic, host genetic, and the possible links between the intestinal microbiota composition of piglets and its association with growth performance and health.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6330741/pdf/40104_2018_Article_308.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-018-0308-3
Country: KR, US

365 – A review of environmental enrichment for laying hens during rearing in relation to their behavioral and physiological development (Research paper – Campbell – 2019)

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365 Research paper – Campbell – 2019 – A review of environmental enrichment for laying hens during rearing in relation to their behavioral and physiological development

Housing and welfare \ Enrichment
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Recently, there has been increasing focus on the impacts of the rearing environment on long-term behavior, health, and welfare of layers. Enriching the rearing environments with physical, sensory, and stimulatory additions can help to maximize the bird’s developmental potential. This review describes the available literature regarding enrichments provided during rearing and the subsequent impact they have on different aspects of behavioral and physiological development, including identifying the ways enrichments could have biological impact. The behaviour of the birds and their needs (dustbathing, perching, foraging) will improve their well-being and will probably result in a bird that is better able to respond to infections. But what exactly the mechanism behind the positive impact of enriched housing environments is on immunocompetence are currently poorly understood due to limited research in this area. There is a need to identify practical cost-effective enrichments that producers would use on-farm and to have commercial validation of positive impacts on aspects of behavior and biology.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579119302822; https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey319
Country: UK; NL; AU