358 – Perceptions and attitudes regarding antibiotic resistance in Germany – A cross-sectoral survey amongst physicians veterinarians farmers and the general (Research paper – Schneider – 2018)

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358 Research paper – Schneider – 2018 – Perceptions and attitudes regarding antibiotic resistance in Germany_a cross-sectoral survey amongst physicians veterinarians farmers and the general

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Perceptions and attitudes towards antibiotic resistance among general practitioners, hospital physicians, veterinarians, pig farmers and the general public were compared. Farmers were predominantly satisfied with existing solutions. Farmers had three times better basic knowledge of antibiotic resistance and knew twice as many people with multiple drug resistance organism problems than the general public. They also received information on antibiotic resistance more often from their veterinarians than patients did from their doctors. This study reveals considerable differences in perceptions and attitudes to antibiotic resistance among the groups investigated. Results promote mutual understanding and thus support the One Health approach.

Where to find the original material: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29590400/; https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dky100
Country: DE

357 – Comparison of three protocols of vaccination against Bovine Respiratory Disease in fattening commercial farms (Research paper – Mounaix – 2018)

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357 Research paper – Mounaix – 2018 – Comparison of three protocols of vaccination against Bovine Respiratory Disease in fattening commercial farms

In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Vaccination
Species targeted: Beef;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Three protocols of vaccination against Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD; Bovilis Bovigrip®) for young Charolais cattle were conducted in commercial feedlots to identify respective benefits. The average daily gain was significantly higher (p<0,05) when animals were completely vaccinated (2 shots) at breeding farms (early vaccination) compared to those where part of the vaccination was done at the assembly center (intermediate vaccination). The number of cattle which were observed as sick by farmers was low in average, as well as the proportion which were treated by them (<15%/lot) but no significant difference could be demonstrated between protocols. In the context of reducing medication inputs, this experiment suggests the benefits to vaccinate cattle at the breeding farm to prevent and decrease BRD incidence in feedlots.

Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/IMG/pdf/texte_7_reduction_intrants_b-mounaix-2.pdf;
Country: FR

356 – Experiments in animal farming practice – The case of decreasing the use of antimicrobials in livestock France (Research paper – Joly – 2016)

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356 Research paper – Joly – 2016 – Experiments in animal farming practice_ the case of decreasing the use of antimicrobials in livestock France

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Other
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
Many farmers are engaged in home experiments about animal health. This paper offers a first characterization of experiments by 40 dairy, pig and poultry farmers working in organic, labelled or conventional systems. We found that farmers carry out multiple tests, mainly with alternative medicines. There is a clear tendency of transferring positive tests for a given pathology to one another. Seven portraits of farmers are presented to shed light on complementary dimensions of experiments: the appeal of novelty, the role of vets and technicians, and the role of farmers groups and training. It can be concluded that much can be learned from ethnographic investigation in order to grasp what farmers are experiencing when they endeavour to solve animal health problems.

Where to find the original material: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01580679
Country: FR

355 – Learnings from an exploratory implementation of an innovative training-program to reduce antibiotic use in the dairy sector (Research paper – Poizat – 2018)

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355 Research paper – Poizat – 2018 – Learnings from an exploratory implementation of an innovative training-program to reduce antibiotic use in the dairy sector

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Agri-advisor; AMU reduction strategies
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
In the dairy sector, antibiotics are mostly used for the control and treatment of mastitis. A study in Western France evaluate effectiveness, strengths and weaknesses of an innovative training program: one classroom-training day, virtual classrooms, and an individual support with the farmer. Two groups of farmers addressed two different themes, depending on their herds’ udder health: (1) Mastitis prevention during lactation for herds with frequent clinical mastitis(2) Selective instead of blanket dry cow therapy for herds with good udder health. Some farmers appreciated the virtual classroom training method because it was flexible (frequency, timetable, etc.) and little time consuming. However, connection or computing logistic problems made the participation in the virtual classrooms difficult. For the “prevention” group, results also showed limited improvement of knowledge, perception and practices of farmers. Improvement of knowledge and perception was significant. Both exposed and non-exposed farmers did improve their practices of antibiotic use at dry-off.

Where to find the original material: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327845718_Learnings_from_an_exploratory_implementation_of_an_innovative_training-program_to_reduce_antibiotic_use_in_the_dairy_sector;
Country: FR

354 – Antibiotic use by farmers to control mastitis as influenced by health advice and dairy farming systems (Research paper – Poizat – 2017)

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354 Research paper – Poizat – 2017 – Antibiotic use by farmers to control mastitis as influenced by health advice and dairy farming systems

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer; AMU reduction strategies
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
A French survey of 51 dairy farms showed that the advisory relationships between farmers and farm advisors and between farmers and veterinarians influenced the implementation of selective dry cow therapy, but had very little effect on the use of alternative medicines by farmers, who were more willing to experiment alternative medicines than their advisors. The dairy farming system had very little influence on antibiotic use: some misuse of antibiotics was found whatever the farming system. Systematic dry cow therapy was also a widespread habit in all dairy farming systems except organic. The use of alternative medicine was common in all farming systems.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587717300442?via%3Dihub; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.07.016
Country: FR

350 Effects of methylsulfonylmethane (Research paper Abdul Rasheed, 2020)

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350 Research paper Abdul Rasheed 2020 Effects of methylsulfonylmethane

In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Eradication; Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Young;
Summary:
This experiment showed promising results in the recovery of broiler chicks after a challenge with mild coccidiosis infection (E. Tenella). The chicks were fed a feed containing an additive that boosted their immuneresponse to the parasite and an additional antioxidant to mitigate tissue damage to the gut from an excessive immune response. Both the chicks on the control diet (without the new additives) and the chicks receiving the treatment were challenged with a mild coccidiosis infection and did not differ in overall performance. However, the chicks on the treatment diet showed faster recovery and better daily gain instantely after the infection with the parasite. This led the researchers to believe that chicks under a more severe infection could benefit more from this innovative dietary supportive treatment.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579120306982; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.046
Country: USA

349 – Extended lactation of dairy cows (Research report – van Eekeren – 2012)

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349 Research report – van Eekeren – 2012 – Extended lactation of dairy cows

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Extended lactation has been shown successful in goat and sheep. The aim of this paper was to investigate to what extend dairy cows can benefit from extended lactations also. Extended lactation reduces the number of calvings. Most of the health problems are observed around calving (end of the dry period up to 6 weeks after parturition) and therefore extended lactations can improve animal health and welfare and improve job satisfaction for the farmer. Based on a dataset of 116 organic dairy farms, calculations were made to find out to what extent the total milk production per cow was affected by the lower daily milk production and the overall shorter dry period at extended lactations. Extended lactations were defined as lactations of 500 days or more. About 6% of the lactations on a farm were classified as extended, although this varied among farms. According to the authors the lowered daily milk production was covered by the increased number of milking days and overall shorter dry period. Theoretically, the overall milk production could even be higher than total milk production collected at mean lactations of 345 days (which was the average lactation length of the farms). However good food quality, good management and healthy animals are needed to make extended lactation successful.

Where to find the original material: https://www.louisbolk.org/downloads/2544.pdf;
Country: NL

347 – Non-antibiotic approaches for disease prevention and control in beef and veal production – A scoping review (Research paper – Wisener – 2019)

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347 Research paper – Wisener – 2019 – Non-antibiotic approaches for disease prevention and control in beef and veal production_ a scoping review

In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements; Specific alternatives
Species targeted: Beef;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
A scoping review (systematically map the literature with regard to the extent, range, and nature of the existing research) on non-antibiotic interventions in the form of products or management practices that could potentially reduce the need for antibiotics in beef and veal animals living under intensive production conditions was conducted. The objectives of this review were 3-fold: first, to examine and describe the range and nature of research on nonantibiotic approaches that may ultimately reduce the need for medically important antibiotics to prevent, control, or treat illnesses in beef and veal production; second, to identify areas where the available literature may support systematic reviews that could summarize the effect of specific non-antibiotic approaches within the broader topic area; and third, to identify knowledge gaps where additional primary research might provide valuable insight into the effectiveness of different specific nonantibiotic approaches. The four most frequent interventions included non-antibiotic feed additives, vaccinations, breed type, and feed type.

Where to find the original material: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32081121/; https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252319000252
Country: CA

346 – Genome editing for disease resistance in pigs and chickens (Research paper – Proudfoot – 2019)

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346 Research paper – Proudfoot – 2019 – Genome editing for disease resistance in pigs and chickens

In Significant Impact Groups: Breeding for disease resistance or robustness
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Targeted breeding is common practice, with measurable production traits such as feed conversion in cattle or wool production in sheep. In the late 20th century, genomic selection was added to the livestock breeding tool box achieving faster improvement in livestock production efficiency. Genome editing offers new opportunities to livestock breeding for disease resistance, allowing the direct translation of laboratory research into disease-resistant or resilient animals. Shown progress in genome editing so far in pigs and chicken are discussed (PRRS, PEDV, ASFV and ALV, avian influenza virus).The two major hurdles still to be faced prior to implementation of this promising technology are consumer acceptance and the regulatory framework.

Where to find the original material: https://academic.oup.com/af/article/9/3/6/5522878; https://doi.org/10.1093/af/vfz013
Country: UK

345 – EIP-AGRI Focus Group – Reducing antibiotic use in pig farming – Final Report (Research report – European Commission – 2014)

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345 Research report – European Commission – 2014 – EIP-AGRI Focus Group – Reducing antibiotic use in pig farming_ Final Report

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Specific alternatives
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Antibiotics are used to treat and control pathogenic bacterial infections. The key to reducing the need for antibiotics is improving pig health. Under the European Innovation Partnership for Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability (EIP-AGRI) a focus group (FG) looked into how to reduce the use of antibiotics in pig farming. In the report the results, recommendations and proposals from the group to reduce antibiotic use are presented. The group identified three main areas where practical solutions already exist or may be further developed to reduce antibiotic use:– General enhancement of animal health and welfare to reduce the need for antibiotic use through better biosecurity, management and husbandry, facility design and management, and training of personnel, veterinarians and advisors.– Specific alternatives to antibiotics including vaccination, feeding approaches and breeding.– Changing attitudes, habits and human behaviour (farmers, agri-advisors and veterinarians) and improving information dissemination.

Where to find the original material: https://ec.europa.eu/eip/agriculture/sites/agri-eip/files/eip-agri_fg3_pig_antibiotics_final_report_2014_en_0.pdf;
Country: EU