217 – Application of network analysis parameters in risk-based surveillance – Examples based on cattle trade data and bovine infections in Sweden (Research paper – Frossling – 2012)

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217 Research paper – Frossling – 2012 – Application of network analysis parameters in risk-based surveillance – Examples based on cattle trade data and bovine infections in Sweden

In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Financial resources may limit the number of samples that can be collected and analysed in disease surveillance programmes. In this paper, the association between two network analysis measures, i.e. ‘in-degree’ and ‘ingoing infection chain’, and signs of infection is investigated. Results show that compared to completely random sampling these approaches increase the number of detected positives, both for BCV and BRSV in our study population. It is concluded that network measures for the relevant time period based on updated databases of animal movements can provide a simple and straight forward tool for risk-based sampling.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7114171/; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.011
Country: SE

198 – Reduced use of antimicrobials after vaccination of pigs against porcine proliferative enteropathy in a Danish SPF herd (Research paper – Bak – 2009)

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198 Research paper – Bak – 2009 – Reduced use of antimicrobials after vaccination of pigs against porcine proliferative enteropathy in a Danish SPF herd

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
The present study explored whether the use of group medication with antibiotics in a Danish pig herd was reduced after vaccination of the pigs against proliferative enteropathy (PE) caused by Lawsonia intracellularis. 7900 pigs originating from a single commercial sow herd were vaccinated against L. intracellularis, whereas 7756 pigs were kept as non-vaccinated controls. The pigs were included batch-wise in the study with every second batch being vaccinated. In the vaccinated batches, the consumption of oxytetracykline to treat PE was reduced by 79%, with a significantly lower number of pigs being treated. Vaccination also resulted in a highly significant improvement of average daily weight gain (+ 46 g/day) and carcass weight (+ 1.25 kg) as well as a shortened fattening period (-8 days).

Where to find the original material: https://actavetscand.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1751-0147-51-1; https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-51-1
Country: DK

197 – A register-based study on associations between vaccination antimicrobial use and productivity in conventional Danish finisher pig herds (Research report – Brinch – 2019)

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197 Research report – Brinch – 2019 – A register-based study on associations between vaccination antimicrobial use and productivity in conventional Danish finisher pig herds

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Pharmaceuticals; Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Vaccination has been suggested as a strategy to prevent disease and minimise the need for antimicrobial treatments. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between data on vaccination, productivity and AMU in Danish finisher herds over a 4-year period. Finisher herds (N = 40–62) with register data on productivity (i.e. average daily weight gain, feed conversion rate, mortality and lean meat percentage) and data on prescriptions of antimicrobials measured in Animal Daily Doses/100 finishers/day as well as the proportion of parenteral AMU treatments out of all treatments (AMU-ratio) were included. Vaccination against PRRS and higher AMU for finishers were associated with increased lean meat percentage. Vaccination against PCV2, PRRS and APP were associated with higher levels of AMU, and vaccination against Lawsonia with a higher AMU-ratio. This may be explained as some farmers preferring to take action soon after observing disease problems.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587718304574; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.01.007
Country: DK

177 Farm-economic analysis of reducing antimicrobial use whilst adopting improved management strategies on farrow-to-finish pig farms (Research paper – Rojo-Gimeno, 2016)

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177 Research paper – Rojo-Gimeno – 2016 – Farm-economic analysis of reducing antimicrobial use whilst adopting improved management strategies on farrow-to-finish pig farms

Biosecurity \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
In the present study the economic impact of reduction of antimicrobial use coupled with improved management strategies, particularly biosecurity strategies was analysed. Interventions on antimicrobial use reduction were performed on farrow-to-finish pig farms in Flanders (northern region of Belgium). Results show costs of new biosecurity measures (median + 3.96 euro/sow/year), and new vaccinations (median 0.00/sow/year) did not exceed the cost reduction achieved by lowering the use of antimicrobials (median − 7.68 euro/sow/year). No negative effect of reducing antimicrobial use was observed on technical parameters and mortality of the finishers was reduced by −1.1%. Even after a substantial reduction of the antimicrobial treatments, the difference of the enterprise profit increased by + 2.67 euro/finisher pig/year after implementing these changes. The results of this study can be used by veterinarians and other stakeholders to persuade managers of farrow-to-finish operations to use biosecurity practices as a cost-effective way to reduce antimicrobial use.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27317325; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.05.001
Country: BE

176 Association between antimicrobial usage biosecurity measures as well as farm performance in German farrow-to-finish farms (Research paper – Raasch , 2018)

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176 Research paper – Raasch – 2018 – Association between antimicrobial usage biosecurity measures as well as farm performance in German farrow-to-finish farms

Biosecurity \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
In this study, comprising in 60 German farrow-to- finish herds, the variations of high and low usage the treatment incidence per age group were analyzed and linked to biosecurity measures, and herd management characteristics. Weaned pigs received most of the treatments followed by suckling pigs. Suckling pigs were very often treated with critically important antimicrobials. The number of sows and a low score for external biosecurity were associated with a higher antimicrobial usage in pigs from birth till slaughter. Herds with a higher treatment incidence in growing pigs: i) were located in a region with a high pig density ii) had less strict control for visitors and personnel and iii) had lower ‘cleaning and disinfection’ scores (internal biosecurity). Herds with a higher treatment incidence in breeding pigs weaned more piglets per sow and year and scored better in the internal biosecurity level

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30564434; https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-018-0106-5
Country: DE; BE; CH

168 PIA vaccin by MSD Animal Health (Industry Innovation)

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168 Industry Innovation – PIA vaccin by MSD Animal Health

Pathogen management \ Vaccination
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
Vaccination is an adequate means to prevent and reduce problems with PIA. MSD Animal Health has successfully completed many years of work to achieve an effective PIA vaccine. The vaccine can be administered from the age of 3 weeks and provides protection from 4 weeks up to 21 weeks after vaccination. PIA leads to loss of growth, vaccination reduces this. Vaccination also results in fewer deaths, lower infection pressure and less diarrhoea caused by Lawsonia infection. The vaccination has already proven positive in practice.

Where to find the original material: https://www.varkens.nl/nieuws/2020/05/14/vaccinatie-tegen-pia-veelbelovend;
Country: NL

167 Evaluation of the relationship between the biosecurity status production parameters herd characteristics and antimicrobial usage in farrow-to-finish pig Research paper – Postma, 2016)

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167 Research paper – Postma – 2016 – Evaluation of the relationship between the biosecurity status production parameters herd characteristics and antimicrobial usage in farrow-to-finish pig

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
This study aimed at assessing possible associations between the biosecurity level, antimicrobial usage and farm and production characteristics in order to advice on best practices for a low antimicrobial usage and maximum animal health and production. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 227 farrow-to-finish pig herds in Belgium, France, Germany and Sweden between December 2012 and December 2013. Associations between biosecurity status, antimicrobial usage, and production parameters were evaluated. This study showed that the antimicrobial usage in breeding animals tends to be positively associated with the number of weaned piglets per sow per year and the antimicrobial usage from birth to slaughter (TI 200) in growing pigs. The TI 200 was lower in herds with a farrowing rhythm ≥5- weeks, a higher biosecurity status and tended to be lower with weaning of the piglets at an older age.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28405435; https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-016-0028-z
Country: BE; CH; FR; DE; SE; DK

163 Best-practice framework for the use of vaccines in animals by EPRUMA – European Platform for the Responsible Using of Medicines in Animals (Tools & Checklists)

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163 ToolsChecklists – Best-practice framework for the use of vaccines in animals by EPRUMA – European Platform for the Responsible Using of Medicines in Animals

In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Vaccination
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep;
Age:
Summary:
Vaccination has been an essential tool over the years for preventing a wide range of infectious diseases. By helping to eradicate and control infectious diseases, vaccination improves animal health and reduces the need for treatment, while contributing to food safety and public health. Veterinary vaccination is also an integral part of overall One Health plans against infectious diseases. Within EPRUMA best practice guidelines, EPRUMA partners wish to raise awareness on the benefits of vaccination, and recommend best practices for vaccine use to ensure optimal animal health. These best-practice recommendations also aim to complement existing guidelines on vaccination, which are available in many European countries (France, UK (RUMA), Vetresponsable (Spain), AMCRA (Belgium)).

Where to find the original material: https://www.epruma.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Best-practice-framework-on-vaccines_23-APRIL-2019.pdf;
Country: EU

162 Alternatives to the use of antimicrobial agents in pig production_ A multi-country expert-ranking of perceived effectiveness feasibility and return (Research paper – Postma, 2015)

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162 Research paper – Postma – 2015 – Alternatives to the use of antimicrobial agents in pig production_ A multi-country expert-ranking of perceived effectiveness feasibility and return

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
Nineteen alternatives to antimicrobial agents were ranked on perceived effectiveness, feasibility and return on investment (ROI) by 111 pig experts from Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland. The top 5 measures in terms of effectiveness were (1) improved internal biosecurity, (2) improved external biosecurity, (3) improved climate/environmental conditions,(4) high health/Specific Pathogen Free/disease eradication and (5) increased vaccination. The top 5 measures in terms of feasibility were (1) increased vaccination, (2) increased use of anti-inflammatory products, (3) improved water quality, (4) feed quality/optimization and (5) use of zinc/metals. The top 5 measures in terms of ROI were (1) improved internal biosecurity, (2) zinc/metals, (3) diagnostics/action plan,(4) feed quality/optimization and (5) climate/environmental improvements. Combining these results, the most promising alternatives to antimicrobial use in industrial pig production are: biosecurity improvements, increased vaccination, use of zinc/metals, improvement of feed quality and use of regular diagnostics testing and having a clear action plan.

Where to find the original material:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25650306; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.01.010

Country: BE; FR; DE; SE, CH, DK

161 Bacteriological evaluation of vaccination against Salmonella Typhimurium with an attenuated vaccine in subclinically infected pig herds (Research paper – Peeters, 2019)

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161 Research paper – Peeters – 2019 – Bacteriological evaluation of vaccination against Salmonella Typhimurium with an attenuated vaccine in subclinically infected pig herds

Pathogen management \ Vaccination
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
Subclinical infections with Salmonella Typhimurium occur frequently in pigs, constituting a risk for human salmonellosis. In this study, an attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine (Salmoporc®, IDT Biologika) was evaluated in three pig herds. The excretion of Salmonella Typhimurium field strain was low and similar between farms and production cycles. Vaccination of either sows and piglets, sows and fattening pigs, or in piglets only, resulted in a smaller number of lymph nodes positive at slaughter, in pigs in the second production cycle only (but not on first production cycle). Marked reduction of positive lymph nodes at slaughter happened after vaccination of sows and piglets. The vaccine strain was detected in the lymph nodes of 13 pigs at slaughter. Because of study limitations, results should be interpreted carefully. Nevertheless, in sows and piglets (preferred), sows and fattening pigs, and piglets only, vaccination can (to some extent) support the control of Salmonella Typhimurium infections.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587719300480; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.04.016
Country: BE