216 – A novel method to identify herds with an increased probability of disease introduction due to animal trade (Research paper – Frossling – 2014)

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216 Research paper – Frossling – 2014 – A novel method to identify herds with an increasedprobability of disease introduction due to animal trade

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \External biosecurity
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
This paper presents a new method to assess herd disease risk in animal movement networks. It is an improvement to current network measures that takes direction, temporal order, and also movement size and probability of disease into account. In the study, the method was used to calculate a probability of disease ratio (PDR) of herds in simulated data sets, and of real herds based on animal movement data from dairy herds included in a bulk milk survey for Coxiella burnetii. The results show that the PDR is able to capture the different circumstances related to disease prevalence and animal trade contact patterns. The method shows a potential to be useful for risk-based surveillance, in the classification of herds in control programmes or to represent influential contacts in risk factor studies.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587714002487?via%3Dihub; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.07.013
Country: SE

211 – Biosecurity Practices in Spanish Pig Herds – Perceptions of Farmers and Veterinarians of the Most Important Biosecurity Measures (Research paper – Simon-Griffe – 2013)

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211 Research paper – Simon-Griffe – 2013 – Biosecurity Practices in Spanish Pig Herds_ Perceptions of Farmers and Veterinarians of the Most Important Biosecurity Measures

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \External biosecurity
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
One hundred Spanish pig farms were surveyed to determine the biosecurity measures currently applied, as reported by farmers, and to investigate the importance awarded by farmers and veterinarians to each of these measures. Data was gathered by means of a questionnaire administered to farmers and veterinarians. Biosecurity measures were reported based on two scenarios: presence and absence of a highly contagious disease. The effect of farm type on the biosecurity level was also investigated. Farmers awarded significantly higher scores to their farms’ biosecurity than the veterinarians. According to both, the most important biosecurity measures were those aimed at minimising the risk of disease introduction by visits and vehicles. Biosecurity practices seeking to reduce the risk of disease introduction by breeding stock were not applied in many farms. Medium-sized to large farms located in high pig density regions reported higher biosecurity measures than small herds located in low pig density areas.

Where to find the original material: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23273732/; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.11.028
Country: ES

203 – Behaviour of planktonic bacteria and those present in the structure of biofilms in relation to the action of some biocides (Research paper – Dumitru – 2018)

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203 Research paper – Dumitru – 2018 – Behaviour of planktonic bacteria and those present in the structure of biofilms in relation to the action of some biocides

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \Internal biosecurity Materials
Species targeted: Other;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Many of the commercial substances used to clean surfaces, instruments, medical devices or industrial machinery are corrosive to metals, cause irritation to the skin, mucous membranes or even show a toxic and carcinogenic effect. For these reasons, it has been necessary to find solutions for combating or preventing the formation of biofilms on surfaces. In recent years, there has been a lot of interest in the use of organic acids for this purpose. This group of substances exerts an antibacterial effect at certain pH values and acts by changes in the cell wall of the bacteria. In the present paper, the efficacy of some organic acids (citric acid, malic acid and ADABLINE ALK product), on bacterial cells and those present in biofilms, on 3 bacterial species from the group of Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and a Gram-positive one (Staphylococcus aureus) was evaluated, with varying results.

Where to find the original material: https://agmv.ro/vol-28-nr-1-2018/;
Country: RO

186 Scoring biosecurity in European conventional broiler production (Research paper – Van Limbergen, 2018)

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186 Research paper – Van Limbergen – 2018 – Scoring biosecurity in European conventional broiler production

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
The aim of this study was to measure biosecurity on conventional broiler farms in Europe, following a standardized procedure, and identify factors that can be improved. The current study used a risk-based weighted scoring system to assess the level of biosecurity on 399 conventional broiler farms in 5 EU member states. A possible relation between biosecurity and farm characteristics was investigated. The participating broiler farms scored better for internal biosecurity than for external biosecurity. There was variation between biosecurity scores for the different member states. Within external biosecurity, the subcategory related to “infrastructure and vectors” had the highest score, while the subcategory “visitors and staff” had the lowest. Within internal biosecurity, the subcategory “disease management” had the highest score. Internal biosecurity was inversely related to the number of employees and farm size. Results show better education of broiler farmers and their staff may help to improve biosecurity on broiler farms.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29077940; http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex296
Country: BE; FI; ES; PL; CY

177 Farm-economic analysis of reducing antimicrobial use whilst adopting improved management strategies on farrow-to-finish pig farms (Research paper – Rojo-Gimeno, 2016)

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177 Research paper – Rojo-Gimeno – 2016 – Farm-economic analysis of reducing antimicrobial use whilst adopting improved management strategies on farrow-to-finish pig farms

Biosecurity \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
In the present study the economic impact of reduction of antimicrobial use coupled with improved management strategies, particularly biosecurity strategies was analysed. Interventions on antimicrobial use reduction were performed on farrow-to-finish pig farms in Flanders (northern region of Belgium). Results show costs of new biosecurity measures (median + 3.96 euro/sow/year), and new vaccinations (median 0.00/sow/year) did not exceed the cost reduction achieved by lowering the use of antimicrobials (median − 7.68 euro/sow/year). No negative effect of reducing antimicrobial use was observed on technical parameters and mortality of the finishers was reduced by −1.1%. Even after a substantial reduction of the antimicrobial treatments, the difference of the enterprise profit increased by + 2.67 euro/finisher pig/year after implementing these changes. The results of this study can be used by veterinarians and other stakeholders to persuade managers of farrow-to-finish operations to use biosecurity practices as a cost-effective way to reduce antimicrobial use.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27317325; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.05.001
Country: BE

176 Association between antimicrobial usage biosecurity measures as well as farm performance in German farrow-to-finish farms (Research paper – Raasch , 2018)

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176 Research paper – Raasch – 2018 – Association between antimicrobial usage biosecurity measures as well as farm performance in German farrow-to-finish farms

Biosecurity \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
In this study, comprising in 60 German farrow-to- finish herds, the variations of high and low usage the treatment incidence per age group were analyzed and linked to biosecurity measures, and herd management characteristics. Weaned pigs received most of the treatments followed by suckling pigs. Suckling pigs were very often treated with critically important antimicrobials. The number of sows and a low score for external biosecurity were associated with a higher antimicrobial usage in pigs from birth till slaughter. Herds with a higher treatment incidence in growing pigs: i) were located in a region with a high pig density ii) had less strict control for visitors and personnel and iii) had lower ‘cleaning and disinfection’ scores (internal biosecurity). Herds with a higher treatment incidence in breeding pigs weaned more piglets per sow and year and scored better in the internal biosecurity level

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30564434; https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-018-0106-5
Country: DE; BE; CH

173 BVD fact sheet by BVD Free England (Industry Innovation)

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173 Industry Innovation – BVD fact sheet by BVD Free England

Biosecurity \External biosecurity; Animals Biosecurity
Species targeted: Dairy; Beef;
Age: Different for different species;
Summary:
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea or BVD is a highly contagious viral disease of cattle. It is one of the biggest disease issues facing the UK cattle industry. This fact sheet outlines the costs of BVD in your herd, how the virus spreads, the problems with persistently infected (PI) animals, what you should do with PIs and step you can take to control and eradicate the disease. England has an industry led voluntary scheme to eradicate BVD called BVDFree.

Where to find the original material: https://bvdfree.org.uk/assets/pdf/bvdfree-factsheet;
Country: UK

170 Limited association between disinfectant use and either antibiotic or disinfectant susceptibility of Escherichia coli in both poultry and pig husbandry (Research paper – Maertens, 2019)

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170 Research paper – Maertens – 2019 – Limited association between disinfectant use and either antibiotic or disinfectant susceptibility of Escherichia coli in both poultry and pig husbandr

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \Internal biosecurity; Materials
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
The study examined the use of disinfectants in poultry and pig husbandry and its contribution to the antibiotic and disinfectant susceptibility of Escherichia coli strains obtained after cleaning and disinfection. This study showed a high resistance prevalence (> 50%) for ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and tetracycline for both production animal categories, while for ciprofloxacin only a high resistance prevalence was found in broiler houses. Disinfectant susceptibility results were homogenously distributed within a very small concentration range. All E. coli strains were susceptible to in-use concentrations of formaldehyde, benzalkoniumchloride and a formulation of peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide, indicating that the practical use of disinfectants did not select for disinfectant resistance. No indications for the selection of antibiotic resistant bacteria through the use of disinfectants in agricultural environments were shown. This study suggests that proper use of disinfectants in agricultural environments does not promote antibiotic resistance nor reduce E. coli disinfectant susceptibility.

Where to find the original material: https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-019-2044-0; https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2044-0
Country: BE

167 Evaluation of the relationship between the biosecurity status production parameters herd characteristics and antimicrobial usage in farrow-to-finish pig Research paper – Postma, 2016)

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167 Research paper – Postma – 2016 – Evaluation of the relationship between the biosecurity status production parameters herd characteristics and antimicrobial usage in farrow-to-finish pig

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
This study aimed at assessing possible associations between the biosecurity level, antimicrobial usage and farm and production characteristics in order to advice on best practices for a low antimicrobial usage and maximum animal health and production. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 227 farrow-to-finish pig herds in Belgium, France, Germany and Sweden between December 2012 and December 2013. Associations between biosecurity status, antimicrobial usage, and production parameters were evaluated. This study showed that the antimicrobial usage in breeding animals tends to be positively associated with the number of weaned piglets per sow per year and the antimicrobial usage from birth to slaughter (TI 200) in growing pigs. The TI 200 was lower in herds with a farrowing rhythm ≥5- weeks, a higher biosecurity status and tended to be lower with weaning of the piglets at an older age.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28405435; https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-016-0028-z
Country: BE; CH; FR; DE; SE; DK

166 The biosecurity status and its associations with production and management characteristics in farrow-to-finish pig herds Research paper – Postma, 2016)

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166 Research paper – Postma – 2016 – The biosecurity status and its associations with production and management characteristics in farrow-to-finish pig herds

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
This study aimed at assessing the levels of implementation of biosecurity measures in pig production to describe possible associations between the biosecurity level and farm and production characteristics. The study was conducted in 232 farrow-to-finish pig herds in Belgium, France, Germany and Sweden, between December 2012 and December 2013. The biosecurity status in each of these herds using Biocheck.UGent. The results showed that the biosecurity on many pig farms was low. Internal and external biosecurity levels differed between countries. The external biosecurity status was highest in Germany and lowest in France. The internal biosecurity status was highest in Sweden and lowest in Belgium. External biosecurity scores were in general higher than internal biosecurity scores. Herds with more sows and more employees were likely to have a higher external biosecurity score. A higher external biosecurity positively influenced the number of weaned piglets per sow per year and the internal biosecurity score.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26567800; https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731115002487
Country: BE; SE; CH; DE; FR