281 – Relationship Between Barn Hygiene and Lameness Prevalence in Thirty-Five Transylvanian Dairy Farms (Research paper – Popescu – 2010)

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281 Research paper – Popescu – 2010 – Relationship Between Barn Hygiene and Lameness Prevalence in Thirty- Five Transylvanian Dairy Farms

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
This study focuses on the relationship between hygiene and lameness prevalence in dairy cattle kept in tie-stall barns in Transylvania (Romania). The barns’ hygiene was assessed based on the body hygiene of the housed cattle. The prevalence of lameness was determined and the cleanliness of the two body areas of the cows in 35 dairy farms with tie-stall housing. A total of 2028 dairy cows were evaluated. The percentage of hygiene scores of 3 and 4 for the upper leg and flank was on average 41% and for the lower leg on average 33%, with significant differences between the hygiene of the two body areas. They found an association between leg hygiene and lameness, both with respect to lower leg hygiene and upper leg and flank hygiene. The obtained results showed that the poor hygiene of barn represents a risk factor associated to lameness prevalence in tied dairy cattle.

Where to find the original material: http://journals.usamvcluj.ro/index.php/veterinary/article/view/5956; http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:67:1:5956
Country: RO

271 – Control of environmental conditions during a long wait for the day-old chick at the hatchery before breeding – What are the impacts on the quality and (Research paper – Puterflam – 2019)

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271 Research paper – Puterflam – 2019 – Control of environmental conditions during a long wait for the day-old chick at the hatchery before breeding_ what are the impacts on the quality and

In Significant Impact Groups: Housing and welfare \ Weaning age and management; Biosecurity
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Young;
Summary:
The robustness of day-old chicks is a crucial parameter to optimize welfare, to limit their mortality, and to reduce the use of antibiotics. The age of the breeders and the time at the hatchery can have a negative impact on their robustness. The aim of this study was to test optimized environmental conditions during a prolonged wait (24 hours) before breeding of two sets of day-old chicks from breeders at the beginning of laying (DP) and at the end of laying (FP). Results show that chicks placed in cases of lower density, in controlled environment, and with empty space between each box to improve air circulation significantly have less in weight loss between hatching and arrival at the farm, a significant increase in weight at D12 in FPs, a cloacal temperature greater at D1, and at slaughter a higher breast yield.

Where to find the original material: https://www.itavi.asso.fr/content/maitrise-des-conditions-dambiance-pendant-une-attente-prolongee-du-poussin-dun-jour-au;
Country: FR

270 – Alternatives to formaldehyde compounds for hygiene of Gallus gallus hatching eggs (Research paper – Puterflam – 2017)

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270 Research paper – Puterflam – 2017 – Alternatives to formaldehyde compounds for hygiene of Gallus gallus hatching eggs

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Other Biosecurity
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Young;
Summary:
During cooling of freshly laid eggs, the porosity of the eggshell allows environmental microorganisms to penetrate the egg and it is a cause of poor health for chicks’. The presence of microorganisms on the shell, the time between laying and collection, and storage conditions of eggs can increase risk of contamination. The disinfection of hatching eggs is an effective way of prevention, but it is done several hours after laying, with some risk of bacterial proliferation. Therefore it is important to reduce the contamination of the eggs after laying and before their introduction in the hatching process. Several assays to test alternative practices to reduce bacterial contamination were done. Using air disinfection systems in the egg conveyor didn’t lead to decrease bacterial contamination on egg surface. However, quick isolation of freshly laid eggs from the rearing area led to a significant decrease of outer- and inner-shell bacterial contamination.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7601528/; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101488
Country: FR

265 – Reduction of antibiotics use in foie gras production – Actual uses and risks factors associated (Research paper – Litt – 2017)

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265 Research paper – Litt – 2017 – Reduction of antibiotics use in foie gras production _ Actual uses and risks factors associated

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance; Antibiotic use; Biosecurity
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
A survey aiming to reduce antibiotics use in poultry farming for foie gras production was conducted in 70 breeding lots. This study revealed a lot of risky practices (at least one other poultry farm in the vicinity for 60% of cases, multi-ages on the same site for nearly ¾ of farms, multi-species in 1 case out of 10, low use of sanitary huts, …). With 31% of the batches receiving at least one treatment and Antibiotic Treatment Frequency Indexes lower than 0.3 (0-21 days and 0-12 weeks), antimicrobial use was low. No critical antibiotics have been used to treat the animals followed during the study. Factors associated with antibiotic treatments focus on hygiene and biosafety precautions, vaccination and water quality. Since biosafety is at the heart of current developments for this production, the future evolution of breeding systems should naturally have a favorable effect on the decline in antibiotics use.

Where to find the original material: https://www.itavi.asso.fr/content/reduire-lusage-des-antibiotiques-dans-la-filiere-palmipedes-gras;
Country: FR

242 Exploring Attitudes and Beliefs towards Implementing Cattle Disease Prevention and control measures (Research report – Brennan, 2016)

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242 Research report – Brennan – 2016 – Exploring Attitudes and Beliefs towards Implementing Cattle Disease Prevention and control measures

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \Internal biosecurity; People; Precision Livestock Farming & Early detection
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Further understanding of why dairy farmers do not engage in disease prevention and control strategies (biosecurity) is required. Using semi-structured interviews informed by a health psychology approach with 25 dairy farmers, a number of barriers, such as disease testing inaccuracies, types of disease transmission, perceived lack of risk and effectiveness of measures, were identified. Motivators included being advised to undertake measures by veterinarians, and the increased threat and severity of the disease in focus. These results suggest there is an advantage to farm advisors and herd health professionals understanding and working with the beliefs of individual dairy farmers to target appropriate communication and advice strategies relating to biosecurity recommendations.

Where to find the original material: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/6/10/61; http://doi.org/10.3390/ani6100061
Country: UK;

222 Implementing biosecurity measures on dairy farms in Ireland (Research paper – Sayers, 2013)

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222 Research paper – Sayers – 2013 – Implementing biosecurity measures on dairy farms in Ireland

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
The objectives of this study were to document and describe influences on biosecurity practices and related opinions on dairy farms. Farmers in the most dairy cattle dense region were three times more likely to quarantine purchased stock than were their equivalents in regions where dairy production was less intense (P=0.012). Younger farmers in general were over twice as likely as middle-aged farmers to implement biosecurity guidelines (P=0.026). The owners of large enterprises were almost five times more likely to join a voluntary animal health scheme (P=0.003), and were over three times more likely to pay a premium price for health accredited animals (P=0.02) than were those farming small holdings. The baseline data recorded in this survey will form the basis for more detailed sociological and demographic research which will facilitate the targeting of future training of the farming community in biosecurity.

Where to find the original material: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23276712/; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.11.017
Country: IE

221 Key actors in driving behavioural change in relation to on-farm biosecurity – A Northern Ireland perspective (Research paper – Lahuerta-Marin, 2018)

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221 Research paper – Lahuerta-Marin – 2018 – Key actors in driving behavioural change in relation to on-farm biosecurity_ a Northern Ireland perspective

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \Internal biosecurity; People
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep; Other;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Agriculture and farming are valued contributors to local economy in Northern Ireland (NI). There is limited knowledge about farmers’ behaviours and attitudes towards disease biosecurity measures. As part of a larger project, a scenario-based workshop with key stakeholders was organised by the Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI)-NI in December 2015. Participants were asked to discuss and give their opinions about a series of questions across four key areas in a semi-structured approach with an external facilitator. The discussion showed that training in biosecurity for farmers is important and necessary. Training was recommended to be provided by veterinary surgeons, preferably via a face-to-face format. The discussion addressing disease disclosure proved particularly challenging between those who were prospective buyers of cattle, and those who sold cattle. This workshop provided a unique and invaluable insight into key issues regarding farm level biosecurity activities.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6001042/; https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-018-0125-1
Country: UK

220 Risk assessment as a tool for improving external biosecurity at farm level (Research paper – Sternberg Lewerin, 2015)

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220 Research paper – Sternberg Lewerin – 2015 – Risk assessment as a tool for improving external biosecurity at farm level

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \External biosecurity
Species targeted: Pigs; Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Biosecurity routines at herd level may reduce the probability of introduction of disease into the herd, but some measures may be regarded as expensive and cumbersome for the farmers. The aim of the study was to provide a tool for calculating the effects of different biosecurity measures and strategies on the individual farm level in Swedish cattle and pig farms. The most important factors affecting the risk, and the effect of biosecurity measures such as quarantine routines and protective clothing, were the frequency of between-farm contacts and prevalence of the disease. The risk assessment model proved useful for illustrating the risk of introduction of endemic diseases and the mitigating effect of different biosecurity measures on farm level. Model outputs could be used to justify prioritisation of measures or adapting contact patterns.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4515931/; https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0477-7
Country: SE

219 – Patterns of between-farm contacts via professionals in Sweden (Research paper – Olofsson – 2014)

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219 Research paper – Olofsson – 2014 – Patterns of between-farm contacts via professionals in Sweden

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \External biosecurity
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
The objective of the study was to examine the travel patterns of professionals visiting Swedish farms (veterinarians, milk tanker drivers, artificial inseminators, maintenance technicians and livestock hauliers). There were twelve participating organisations, and data was provided for one to three individuals/vehicles/veterinary practices per professional category and per geographic region (except for dairy service technicians and livestock hauliers who did not provide data from all regions). Generally, the greatest areas were travelled by milk tankers and livestock hauliers, and the profession travelling over the smallest areas tended to be the veterinarians. The results of this study indicate that in Sweden a highly contagious disease might spread over a large area in the time span of one incubation period, which ought to be kept in mind in case of an outbreak and in outbreak investigations. The difficulties in contacting some professionals visiting farms could be a problem in an outbreak situation.

Where to find the original material: https://actavetscand.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13028-014-0070-2#citeas; https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-014-0070-2
Country: SE

218 – Network analysis of cattle and pig movements in Sweden – Measures relevant for disease control and risk based surveillance (Research paper – Noremark – 2011)

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218 Research paper – Noremark – 2011 – Network analysis of cattle and pig movements in Sweden_ measures relevant for disease control and risk based surveillance

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \External biosecurity
Species targeted: Pigs; Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Registration of cattle and pig movements is mandatory in Sweden and all registered movements between farms in the years 2006-2008 were investigated. The networks were analysed as monthly and yearly networks, separately per species and with the two species together. Many farms had few or no contacts, while others had many, a pattern which has also been described from other countries. The cattle network and the combined network showed a recurring seasonal pattern, while this was not seen in the pig network. The in-degree was not equivalent to the ingoing infection chain; there were holdings with limited direct contacts, but a large number of indirect contacts. The ingoing infection chain could be a useful measure when setting up strategies for disease control and for risk based surveillance as it identifies holdings with many contacts through live animal movements and thus at potentially higher risk for introduction of contagious diseases.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587711000043?via%3Dihub; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.12.009
Country: SE