501 No zinc and no antibiotics in pig management (Industry Innovation)

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Industry Innovation

No zinc and no antibiotics in pig management by Peter McKenzie

In Significant Impact Group(s): Feed / gut health; Feed additives and supplements

Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Outcome Parameter(s): more good live pigs; more heavier pigs 4 weeks post weaning

Summary: In this paper McKenzie shares his journey with the impact of E.coli on pig management – eventually without antibiotic and zinc oxide use.

After years of veterinary practice, he came to the following regime that results in more good live pigs and heavier pigs at 4 weeks post weaning with minimal or zero injectable antibiotic and no need for zinc oxide:

  • Attention to detail
  • All-in-all-out and hygiene
  • Quality weaner diet consisting of
    o Less than 18.5% protein;
    o European programme of coated butyric, formic and citric acid and Baccilus PB6
    o Korean programme of Algal immune stimulant.

The programme is usually cheaper than Zinc plus some antibiotics. Some farmers have been on the programme for over a year with success. Remove ZnO gently – if management is not as good as expected, and you have a very pathogenic E. coli, then E.coli may triumph over lack of ZnO.

Country: AU (Australia)

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Antibiotics alternatives: Plant extracts, spices and essential oils

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The use of extracts of plants, phytobiotics and essential oils is mainly due to their effect on the intestinal function since among the therapeutic properties that they can have, the following stand out: antiseptic, bactericidal, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, carminative, euphotic.

One of the most interesting functions is the bactericide. Although in practice satisfactory results are obtained, its mechanism of action is still not completely known, although it could be due to the pressure, they exert on the cell membrane of the bacteria, giving rise to imbalances that compromise the osmotic balance and can eventually destroy the bacteria.

One of the characteristics of plant oils and extracts is the synergy with other organic products commonly used in animal feed. On the other hand, research is being carried out on their positive effect on improving digestive secretions and enzyme functioning at the intestinal level and hepatic.

Most of these combinations of phytobiotics and essential oils are marketed for their organoleptic properties in the functional group of ‘flavourings’ defined by Regulation (EC) No 831/2003 for use in animal nutrition as ‘substances whose addition to feed increases flavour or palatability’.

These products are not yet authorised for health or zootechnical purposes as further research is needed into their mechanism of action, optimal use rate, efficacy, repeatability of results and safety. In the case of use at inadequate doses they can present toxicity, although the toxicity is lower than natural extracts and essential oils if they are not purified.

96 Oregano oil by Nottingham Trent University (Farm Innovation)

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96 Farm Innovation – Oregano oil by Nottingham Trent University96 Farm Innovation – Oregano oil by Nottingham Trent University

96 Farm Innovation
Oregano oil by Nottingham Trent University
in Significant Impact Group(s): Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements – Feed additives and supplements ; Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary: British researchers have shown in a recently published study the beneficial effect of the addition of natural oregano essential oil in the diet of breeding sows and the beneficial results on piglets before and after weaning. “Oregano essential oil is well documented to provide support for animal health and performance due to its active compounds. Carvacrol and thymol are two such compounds and have been shown to have both antimicrobial and antioxidant functions.” support the authors of the study.
The research was carried out in a commercial pig unit in the UK and involved 62 multiparous sows. The conclusion was that the inclusion of oregano essential oil helped maintain the body condition score of suckling sows, increased weight gain during the first week of life of piglets, decreased pre-weaning mortality and significantly decreased the incidence of drug use.
96 Farm Innovation – Oregano oil by Nottingham Trent University
Where to find the original material: (in English)
https://www.revista-ferma.ro/articole/zootehnie/impactul-eubioticelor-pe-baza-de-oregano-asupra-sanatatii-si-performantei-scroafelor;
Country: UK

Microbial toxin elimination by selective binding

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Every day, farmers all across the world work hard to give their animals the best possible care. However, there are many challenges among them how to find balanced and cost effective feed and how to keep livestock healthy. Moreover, due to climate change, raw materials are even more exposed to increased temperatures and higher humidity, what results in microbial contamination and subsequent toxin production, for example mycotoxins what poses a serious threat to animal health and performance.

Today’s solutions are innovative concepts dealing with climate change and increasing feed efficiency and customer convenience. The negative aspects of climate change can be easily targeted by providing the animals cost effective multi-level nutritional concepts able to prevent these issues by selective toxin absorption (avoiding nutrient malnutrition), create a healthy gut and gastrointestinal barrier, supplemented by ingredients promoting immune boosting and liver function. This is all combined in concepts such as VitaFix, an alternative for antibiotics and combining advanced adsorbing agents together with organic acids and natural antioxidants. Farmers across the globe are very satisfied with such multi-level solutions as witnessed in the video.

Buffer solution for stabilization rumen fermentation

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It is very difficult to increase milk production in dairy cattle, without jeopardizing digestive disorder and subsequent animal health. However, sound buffer concepts can support and protect the rumen and intestines. In counteracts the effect of high energy diets that disrupt the healthy functioning of the rumen by buffering the acidification by overproduction of short chain fatty acids. This way, lysis of bacteria by acidification and subsequent release of endotoxins is avoided. As a consequence, intestinal barrier is not weakened and does not result in leaky gut and sepsis. Finally, there is no energy loss towards fortifying the immunity of the animal, resulting in better performance and health.

It is clear that buffers can overcome intestinal disorders in ruminants, while increasing milk production. This way, the performance index of the animal is strongly improved and the financial profit per animal is much better, as witnessed by farmers.

Galacto Oligosaccharides for improving health of newborn piglets

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Sows give birth to more, but less mature piglets. Therefore, early stimulation of their intestinal development is required. But how do you know what newborn piglets need?

The answer is found in nature. In human breast milk, the most important components are lactose, lipids, proteins and above all human milk oligosaccharides (HMO). This last component is very remarkable, as babies cannot digest it.

Now, why did mother nature add them to breast milk? HMO are there to feed the beneficial microbes in the baby’s gastrointestinal tract and have prebiotic and antimicrobial functions, strengthen immunity and as a consequence stimulate gastrointestinal maturation.

To improve formula milk, the scientific community developed galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), which mimics the function of HMO. When supplied to newborn piglets, longer villi as well as more beneficial microbes and their positive metabolites (short chain fatty acids) are observed. In addition, gastrointestinal barrier function is improved and the piglets show stronger immunity, all resulting in improved zootechnical performance and health.

Farmers witness the positive effect of GOS and have seen that the product is very reliable and this way they like the concept and want to continue to use in their farm it in the future.

26 Potential dietary feed additives with antibacterial effects and their impact on performance of weaned piglets: A meta-analysis (Research paper, Vanrolleghem et al., 2019)

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Significant Impact Group(s): Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements – Feed additives and supplements ; Specific alternatives

Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Outcome Parameter(s): growth parameters; ‘average daily gain’ (ADG); ‘feed conversion ratio’ (FCR)
Summary: Between January 2010 and January 2017, 23 in vivo studies (comprising 50 trials) were published that evaluated the use of potential dietary feed additives (pDFA) against a positive control diet with antibiotics in weaned piglets, and reporting the performance parameters average daily gain’ (ADG) and ‘feed conversion ratio’ (FCR). The results of the meta-analysis clearly show that adding a pDFA at weaning can improve performance indicators compared to an untreated group (negative control), suggesting that pDFA could increase growth and improve feed conversion. As such, pDFA could potentially enhance production without the negative side effect of AMUs. Compared to the use of AMUs (positive control), the results of the meta-analysis show no overall significant difference. This is a beneficial result, as it suggests that the use of AMUs around weaning, a very commonly used practice, could be replaced by pDFA without significant negative effects on the performance indicators.
26 Research paper – Vanrolleghem – 2019 – Potential dietary feed additives with antibacterial effects and their impact on performance of weaned piglets: A meta-analysis. Vanrolleghem, W., Tanghe, S., Verstringe, S., Bruggeman, G., Papadopoulos, D., Trevisi, P., Zentek, J., Sarrazin, S. and J. Dewulf 2019 The Veterinary Journal 249: 24-32
Where to find the original material:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023319300528; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.04.017
Country: BE, IT, DE

26 Research paper – Vanrolleghem – 2019 – Potential dietary feed additives with antibacterial effects and their impact on performance of

Optimizing digestion and intestinal protection in young piglets with Lianol Basdiar

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Diarrhea is a common problem in young piglets which can lead to mortality. Ardol has developed the product Basdiar, to guide and accelerate proper intestinal development and intestinal digestion in newborn piglets.

Basdiar is a food supplement that must be dissolved in warm water (100 grams of product to 1 liter of water). It is mainly a mixture of algae and clay minerals. Due to the high iron and mineral content, Basdiar is an optimal supplement to the iron-poor colostrum and milk. It is given in a feeding bowl, which actively stimulates the natural rooting behavior so that each piglet quickly drinks water and learns to eat vegetable feed.

Basdiar is given from birth as a supplement to colostrum and sow’s milk for at least a week, about 1 liter per litter per day. It can also be fed into the piglet pen to reduce weaning dip. There are also good experiences with feeding Basdiar to the smallest piglets in the piglet barn, to improve uniformity. The product is a supplement to colostrum and sow’s milk, and can also be given simultaneously with artificial milk and candy feed.

Several trials have shown that using Basdiar decreases mortality and increases the number of weaned piglets. The piglets start off better in the piglet barn, as they are already accustomed to eating liquid feed. The litters are more uniform and have less diarrhea. Basdiar ensures:

– less loss to weaning

– sufficient moisture in the first days of life

– ALL piglets learn to eat in the farrowing pen

– an indispensable natural source of iron

– the binding of endotoxins

– a good intestinal protection

A greater feed intake in the first weeks of life and good continued growth after weaning are other benefits of this product.