377- Use of a micro-encapsulated eucalyptus-medium chain fatty acid product as an alternative to zinc oxide and antibiotics for weaned pigs (Research paper – Yung-Keun Han – 2011)

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377 Research paper – Yung-Keun Han – 2011 – Use of a micro-encapsulated eucalyptus-medium chain fatty acid product as an alternative to zinc oxide and antibiotics for weaned pigs

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Zinc Oxide is today used as the major antibiotic substitute in Europe, but poses some serious environmental problems in terms of sustainability (accumulation in the environment). The article describes the use Eucalyptus derived medium chain fatty acids. Although medium chain fatty acids are a promising substitute for antibiotics, today these medium chain fatty acids are mainly obtained after distillation and fractionation of palm kernel oil. This is also a non-sustainable raw material and extraction from Eucalyptus can be a solution. In addition, processing of the medium chain fatty acids into micro-encapsulated functional feed ingredients improves functionality in animals what is reflected in improved daily performance and health.

Where to find the original material: http://www.aasv.org/shap.html
Country: CA

376- Effect of Brazilian red pepper Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi essential oil on performance diarrhea and gut health of weanling pigs (Research paper – Gois – 2016)

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376 Research paper – Gois – 2016 – Effect of Brazilian red pepper Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi essential oil on performance diarrhea and gut health of weanling pigs

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
This research paper describes the effect of Brazilian red pepper on performance, diarrhoea and gut health of weanling pigs. The authors extracted the essential oil from the Brazilian red pepper and experienced positive effects on gastrointestinal health, translating in improved overall health as well as animal performance. The work is performed on weaning piglets, and makes extrapolation to final slaughter weight difficult.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1871141315300354?via%3Dihub; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.11.009
Country: BR

375- Essential oils and aromatic plants in animal feeding – A European perspective A review (Research paper – Franz – 2010)

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375 Research paper – Franz – 2010 – Essential oils and aromatic plants in animal feeding – a European perspective A review

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
This article gives an overview of application of plant and herb extracts as substitute for antibiotics in livestock production. The authors are experts in the field of European as well as non-European herbs, plant extracts and aromatic plant substances, and contributed to the classification and standardisation of these substances. Depending on the intended applications, a portfolio of blends is possible. The article also shows the clear potential of traditional Chinese medicinal plants in improving livestock performance and health. Not all plant extracts are already accepted in European legislation, but leaves room for innovative solutions.

Where to find the original material: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ffj.1967; https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1967
Country: AT

374- Antibiotic alternatives_ the substitution of antibiotics in animal husbandry (Research paper – Chengn – 2014)

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374 Research paper – Chengn – 2014 – Antibiotic alternatives_ the substitution of antibiotics in animal husbandry

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep;
Age: Different for different species;
Summary:
This article provides an overview of substitutes for antibiotics, having potential in livestock production. The article describes a range of antibiotic alternatives, ranging from plant extract to prebiotic functional feed ingredients. All of the functional feed ingredients show potential in improving animal performance, as well as a contribution to increase health in terrestrial livestock. There is no clear preference for a particular functional feed ingredient, and final selection will mainly depend on farmer expectations as well as commercial price setting (which is not a fixed asset).

Where to find the original material: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00217/full; doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00217
Country: CN

373 International instruments on the use of antimicrobials across the human animal and plant sectors by WHO FAO OIE (Tools & Checklists)

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373 ToolsChecklists – International instruments on the use of antimicrobials across the human animal and plant sectors by WHO FAO OIE

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep;
Summary:
Instruments that contain standards for governments or other actors are included. These include international guidelines that have been adopted by public entities through formal processes if they provide standards (understood as clear instructions/ guidance on the use of antimicrobials).
The compilation excludes resolutions, declarations, (action) plans or other documents that only state intentions or objectives and that do not contain implementable standards. International standards adopted by private entities and business associations are also excluded.

Where to find the original material: https://apps.who.int/iris/rest/bitstreams/1314292/retrieve;
Country: Germany;

372 – Antimicrobial Usage and Resistance in Dairy Cattle Production (Research paper – Loo – 2019)

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372 Research paper – Loo – 2019 – Antimicrobial Usage and Resistance in Dairy Cattle Production

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ None
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
The chapter explain antimicrobial usage in dairy cattle production and the recent approaches and challenges on AMR.

Where to find the original material: https://www.intechopen.com/books/veterinary-medicine-and-pharmaceuticals/antimicrobial-usage-and-resistance-in-dairy-cattle-production; https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.81365
Country: MY

371- Practical strategies to reduce antimicrobial use in dairy farming (Research report – EuroDairy – 2018)

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371 Research report – EuroDairy – 2018 – Practical strategies to reduce antimicrobial use in dairy farming

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ None
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult; Young;
Summary:
This report highlights the extent of quantitative reduction which can be achieved, both in overall antimicrobial use, and especially of Critically Important Antibiotics (CIA’s) whose efficacy must be preserved for use in human medicine. EuroDairy gathered intelligence through its partners and wider networks, organized a cross border workshop, farmer exchange visits, technical webinars, and linked to regional Operational Groups focussed on reducing antibiotics. The only way to sustainably reduce the risk of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is through an integrated approach to disease control, which sustainably improves animal health. Hotspots for antibiotic use are treatment for mastitis (including dry cow therapy), lameness and foot health, respiratory disease and young stock health.

Where to find the original material: https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/documents/downloadPublic?documentIds=080166e5c0d054f7&appId=PPGMS;
Country: SE; DK; NL; UK; BE; FR; ES

370 – Antimicrobial Effect of Zophobas morio Hemolymph against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens (Research paper – Du – 2020)

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370 Research paper – Du – 2020 – Antimicrobial Effect of Zophobas morio Hemolymph against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens

In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
In the present study, we showed the protective effect of Zophobas morio (Z. morio) hemolymph on bovine mammary epithelial cells against bacterial infection. Z. morio hemolymph directly kills both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria through membrane permeation and prevents the adhesion of E. coli or the clinically isolated S. simulans strain to bovine mammary epithelial (MAC-T) cells. In addition, Z. morio hemolymph downregulates the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family member pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and NLRP6, as well as inhibits the secretion of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and IL-18, which attenuates E. coli or S. simulans-induced pyroptosis. Overall, our results suggest the potential role of Z. morio hemolymph as a novel therapeutic candidate for bovine mastitis.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7601528/; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101488
Country: CN

368 – Dietary zinc source affects performance and intestinal health in broilers (Research report – De Grande – 2020)

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368 Research report – De Grande – 2020 – Dietary zinc source affects performance and intestinal health in broilers

In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Young;
Summary:
In supplementation of zinc as a complex with amino acids has larger effects on gut health of broilers compared to an inorganic source such as ZnSO4. Especially in periods of stress larger effects are observed regarding feed conversion, gut morphology and meat quality. An optimal gut health is crucial for healthy growth of broilers. Several factors such as high environmental temperatures, put more stress on the health and integrity of the gut. Supplementation of the Zinc can be of support. Zinc is an essential trace element that is known to be part of several biological processes. Still, its supplementation can be done with various sources. This study investigated whether the source of Zinc, either organic or inorganic, has an effect on the gut morphology, technical performance and meat quality of broilers. The best results were attained when supplementing in feed with an organic zinc-amino acid complex, especially in stressful periods.

Where to find the original material: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez525
Country: BE

367 Critical control points for sheepfolds by Idele (Tools & Checklists)

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367 ToolsChecklists – Critical control points for sheepfolds by Idele

In Significant Impact Groups: Housing and welfare
Species targeted: Sheep;
Age:
Summary:
Health and welfare of sheep are strongly influenced by the design and layout of sheepfolds. During the health assessment, it is imperative to ensure the quality of the buildings. This document summarises the main standards and recommendations to be checked in a sheep pen.

Where to find the original material: (to be published on the Disarm website)
Country: France;