350 Effects of methylsulfonylmethane (Research paper Abdul Rasheed, 2020)

/in , , , , , /by

 

 

350 Research paper Abdul Rasheed 2020 Effects of methylsulfonylmethane

In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Eradication; Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Young;
Summary:
This experiment showed promising results in the recovery of broiler chicks after a challenge with mild coccidiosis infection (E. Tenella). The chicks were fed a feed containing an additive that boosted their immuneresponse to the parasite and an additional antioxidant to mitigate tissue damage to the gut from an excessive immune response. Both the chicks on the control diet (without the new additives) and the chicks receiving the treatment were challenged with a mild coccidiosis infection and did not differ in overall performance. However, the chicks on the treatment diet showed faster recovery and better daily gain instantely after the infection with the parasite. This led the researchers to believe that chicks under a more severe infection could benefit more from this innovative dietary supportive treatment.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579120306982; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.046
Country: USA

349 – Extended lactation of dairy cows (Research report – van Eekeren – 2012)

/in , , , , /by

 

 

349 Research report – van Eekeren – 2012 – Extended lactation of dairy cows

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Extended lactation has been shown successful in goat and sheep. The aim of this paper was to investigate to what extend dairy cows can benefit from extended lactations also. Extended lactation reduces the number of calvings. Most of the health problems are observed around calving (end of the dry period up to 6 weeks after parturition) and therefore extended lactations can improve animal health and welfare and improve job satisfaction for the farmer. Based on a dataset of 116 organic dairy farms, calculations were made to find out to what extent the total milk production per cow was affected by the lower daily milk production and the overall shorter dry period at extended lactations. Extended lactations were defined as lactations of 500 days or more. About 6% of the lactations on a farm were classified as extended, although this varied among farms. According to the authors the lowered daily milk production was covered by the increased number of milking days and overall shorter dry period. Theoretically, the overall milk production could even be higher than total milk production collected at mean lactations of 345 days (which was the average lactation length of the farms). However good food quality, good management and healthy animals are needed to make extended lactation successful.

Where to find the original material: https://www.louisbolk.org/downloads/2544.pdf;
Country: NL

348 Mastitis therapy with immune cells by Mastivax (Industry Innovation)

/in , , , , /by

 

 

348 Industry Innovation – Mastitis therapy with immune cells by Mastivax

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
A new therapy for mastitis is being developed by Mastivax without the need of using antibiotics. Blood of an infected dairy cow is collected and the immune cells are isolated. The immune cells are then injected into the infected part of the udder. Under laboratory settings it has been demonstrated that the immune cells kill the bacteria causing mastitis. However this procedure needs further research to investigate effectiveness and treatment frequency.

Where to find the original material: https://www.nieuweoogst.nl/nieuws/2018/12/18/mastitis-behandelen-met-immuuncellen;
Country: NL

347 – Non-antibiotic approaches for disease prevention and control in beef and veal production – A scoping review (Research paper – Wisener – 2019)

/in , , , , , , /by

 

 

347 Research paper – Wisener – 2019 – Non-antibiotic approaches for disease prevention and control in beef and veal production_ a scoping review

In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements; Specific alternatives
Species targeted: Beef;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
A scoping review (systematically map the literature with regard to the extent, range, and nature of the existing research) on non-antibiotic interventions in the form of products or management practices that could potentially reduce the need for antibiotics in beef and veal animals living under intensive production conditions was conducted. The objectives of this review were 3-fold: first, to examine and describe the range and nature of research on nonantibiotic approaches that may ultimately reduce the need for medically important antibiotics to prevent, control, or treat illnesses in beef and veal production; second, to identify areas where the available literature may support systematic reviews that could summarize the effect of specific non-antibiotic approaches within the broader topic area; and third, to identify knowledge gaps where additional primary research might provide valuable insight into the effectiveness of different specific nonantibiotic approaches. The four most frequent interventions included non-antibiotic feed additives, vaccinations, breed type, and feed type.

Where to find the original material: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32081121/; https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252319000252
Country: CA

346 – Genome editing for disease resistance in pigs and chickens (Research paper – Proudfoot – 2019)

/in , , , , , /by

 

 

346 Research paper – Proudfoot – 2019 – Genome editing for disease resistance in pigs and chickens

In Significant Impact Groups: Breeding for disease resistance or robustness
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Targeted breeding is common practice, with measurable production traits such as feed conversion in cattle or wool production in sheep. In the late 20th century, genomic selection was added to the livestock breeding tool box achieving faster improvement in livestock production efficiency. Genome editing offers new opportunities to livestock breeding for disease resistance, allowing the direct translation of laboratory research into disease-resistant or resilient animals. Shown progress in genome editing so far in pigs and chicken are discussed (PRRS, PEDV, ASFV and ALV, avian influenza virus).The two major hurdles still to be faced prior to implementation of this promising technology are consumer acceptance and the regulatory framework.

Where to find the original material: https://academic.oup.com/af/article/9/3/6/5522878; https://doi.org/10.1093/af/vfz013
Country: UK

345 – EIP-AGRI Focus Group – Reducing antibiotic use in pig farming – Final Report (Research report – European Commission – 2014)

/in , , , , , /by

 

 

345 Research report – European Commission – 2014 – EIP-AGRI Focus Group – Reducing antibiotic use in pig farming_ Final Report

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Specific alternatives
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Antibiotics are used to treat and control pathogenic bacterial infections. The key to reducing the need for antibiotics is improving pig health. Under the European Innovation Partnership for Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability (EIP-AGRI) a focus group (FG) looked into how to reduce the use of antibiotics in pig farming. In the report the results, recommendations and proposals from the group to reduce antibiotic use are presented. The group identified three main areas where practical solutions already exist or may be further developed to reduce antibiotic use:– General enhancement of animal health and welfare to reduce the need for antibiotic use through better biosecurity, management and husbandry, facility design and management, and training of personnel, veterinarians and advisors.– Specific alternatives to antibiotics including vaccination, feeding approaches and breeding.– Changing attitudes, habits and human behaviour (farmers, agri-advisors and veterinarians) and improving information dissemination.

Where to find the original material: https://ec.europa.eu/eip/agriculture/sites/agri-eip/files/eip-agri_fg3_pig_antibiotics_final_report_2014_en_0.pdf;
Country: EU

344 – Usage of Antibiotics in Agricultural Livestock in the Netherlands in 2017 Trends and benchmarking of livestock farms and veterinarians (Research report – Sda – 2018)

/in , , , , , , , /by

 

 

344 Research report – Sda – 2018 – Usage of Antibiotics in Agricultural Livestock in the Netherlands in 2017 Trends and benchmarking of livestock farms and veterinarians

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance; Antibiotic use
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Other;
Age: Different for different species;
Summary:
In 2017, the turkey and broiler farming sectors managed to substantially reduce their antibiotic use in terms of defined daily doses animal (DDDANAT). They achieved reductions of 23.7% and 7.8%, respectively. Less prominent reductions of 3.6% and 1.9% were observed for the veal and pig farming sectors, respectively. The cattle farming sector’s usage level increased slightly over the 2016-2017 period, by 2.2%. In 2017, no distinct shifts towards lower benchmark zones occurred in the veal farming sector. The pig farming sector saw an undesirable rise in the percentage of farms with weaner pigs recording action zone usage levels. This development was due to the new benchmark thresholds introduced in 2016.The SDa expert panel recommends paying special attention to outlier farms. In 2017, sales of antibiotics in terms of kilograms of active substances amounted to 181,097 kg.

Where to find the original material: https://www.autoriteitdiergeneesmiddelen.nl/en/news/28/sda-report-usage-of-antibiotics-in-agricultural-livestock-in-the-netherlands-in-2017 ;
Country: NL

343 – Associations between antimicrobial use and the prevalence of resistant micro-organisms Is it possible to benchmark livestock farms based on resistance data (Research report – Sda – 2016)

/in , , , , , , , /by

343 Research report – Sda – 2016 – Associations between antimicrobial use and the prevalence of resistant micro-organisms Is it possible to benchmark livestock farms based on resistance dat

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance; Antibiotic use
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Beef;
Age: Young;
Summary:
An expert panel analyzed the relationship between antimicrobial use in the Dutch livestock sector and the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant micro-organisms in livestock. Changes in usage and resistance levels between 2009 and 2014, for most of the commonly used antibiotics, the strongest declines in usage levels were observed in the pig (54%) and broiler (57%) farming sectors. In most livestock sectors, total and antimicrobial-specific usage levels are clearly associated with the antimicrobial-specific resistance levels. Is it possible to benchmark livestock farms based on resistance data? This would require information on resistance-related risks such as public health risks, and currently available data do not allow for quantification of such risks. If an acceptable resistance level were to be determined, the corresponding antimicrobial usage level could serve as the basis for benchmarking values. As yet, however, no acceptable resistance level has been defined.

Where to find the original material: https://cdn.i-pulse.nl/autoriteitdiergeneesmiddelen/userfiles/Publications/def-engels-rapport-abgebruik-en-resistentie-0516.pdf;
Country: NL

342 – Eindrapportage Veerkracht van Melkvee I – Verandering van dynamiek voorspellende kracht (Research report – van Dixhoorn – 2016)

/in , , , /by

 

 

342 Research report – van Dixhoorn – 2016 – Eindrapportage Veerkracht van Melkvee I_ Verandering van dynamiek voorspellende kracht

In Significant Impact Groups: Other
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
The transition period is a critical phase in the life of dairy cows. Early identification of cows at risk for disease would allow for early intervention and optimization of the transition period. To examine the relationship between the risk to develop diseases early in lactation and dynamic patterns of high-resolution, physiological and behavioural data, were continuously recorded in individual cows before calving. The results suggest that quantitative parameters derived from sensor data may reflect the level of resilience of individual cows. The developed model offers sufficient perspective to provide predictive value for individual cows as to how well they manage the transition period. Early detection (during dry state) enables adjustment for the lactation period. In combination with Koe-kompas this is a valuable tool in the PDCA (Plan Do Check Act) cycle. A number of aspects from Critical Slowing Down theory can be applied to the individual animal.

Where to find the original material: http://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/386110; http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/386110
Country: NL

341 – Yeast-secreted dried and food-admixed monomeric IgA prevents gastrointestinal infection in a piglet model (Research paper – Virdi – 2019)

/in , , , , , /by

 

 

341 Research paper – Virdi – 2019 – Yeast-secreted dried and food-admixed monomeric IgA prevents gastrointestinal infection in a piglet model

In Significant Impact Groups: Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
With the rapidly increasing knowledge of the role of the gut microbiome in diverse aspects of human and veterinary health, antibody-type drug-mediated methodology to specifically interfere with the microbiome or host factors in the gut is needed. Oral antibodies that interfere with gastrointestinal targets and can be manufactured at scale are needed. This paper shows that a single-gene-encoded monomeric immunoglobulin A (IgA)-like antibody, composed of camelid variable single domain antibodies (VHH) fused to IgA Fc (mVHH-IgA), prevents infection by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (F4-ETEC) in piglets. The mVHH-IgA can be produced in soybean seeds or secreted from the yeast Pichia pastoris, freeze- or spraydried and orally delivered within food. Future farm-based trials en route translation of this application, will enable impact assessment of mVHH-IgA on F4-ETEC-caused diarrhea and weight loss.

Where to find the original material: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-019-0070-x ; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-019-0070-x
Country: BE