84 : A longitudinal field trial assessing the impact of feeding waste milk containing antibiotic residues on the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in calves (Research paper – Brunton, 2014)

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84 Research paper – Brunton – 2014 – A longitudinal field trial assessing the impact of feeding waste milk containing antibiotic residues on the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia col

84 : Research paper
A longitudinal field trial assessing the impact of feeding waste milk containing antibiotic residues on the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in calves.  Brunton, L.A., Reeves, H.E., Snow, L.C. and J.R. Jones. 2014. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 117: 403-412.

In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Young;

Summary: A field trial was done on a farm known to have resistant Escherichia coli, in order to understand if feeding calves with waste milk with antibiotic residues could lead to detecting more resistant bacteria in the faeces of calves. The findings of this study indicate that feeding waste milk with antibiotic residues on this farm increased the amount of resistant bacteria shed in the faeces. Resistant E. coli persists for longer after weaning in calves fed milk with resistant bacteria. These findings are applicable to the situation observed on this farm, but may differ on other farms depending on contents of the waste milk or level of contamination on the farm. Still, the antibiotics used on this farm have been commonly used on dairy farms in in England and Wales, so results shown can give an idea of what to expect in similar contexts.

84 : Research paper – Brunton – 2014 – A longitudinal field trial assessing the impact of feeding waste milk containing antibiotic residues on the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in calves
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587714002578; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.08.005

Country: UK

25 : Antimicrobial use policy change in pre-weaned dairy calves and its impact on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli. A cross sectional and ecological study (Research paper – Afema, 2019)

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25 Research paper – Afema – 2019 – Antimicrobial use policy change in preweaned dairy calves and its impact on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli_ a cross sectional and e

25 : Research paper
Antimicrobial use policy change in pre-weaned dairy calves and its impact on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli: a cross sectional and ecological study. Afema, J.A., Davis, M.A. and W.M. Sischo. 2019. BMC Microbiology 19: 217 (14p.)

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Legislation and incentives; Prudent use AB
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Young;

Summary:
Based on feedback and interaction between study investigators, farm management and consulting veterinarians, a new policy was implemented to reduce antimicrobial use in calves. We investigated the effects of these policy changes in antimicrobial use on resistance in commensal Escherichia coli. In general, there was a declining trend in resistance to most antimicrobials during and after policy changes were implemented, except for ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, ceftiofur and gentamicin.

25 : Research paper – Afema – 2019 – Antimicrobial use policy change in pre-weaned dairy calves and its impact on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli_ a cross sectional and ecological study

Where to find the original material: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12866-019-1576-6; https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1576-6

Country: US

522 ‘New Frontiers in Animal Care’ by Health for Animals (Industry Innovation)

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522 Industry Innovation – NEW FRONTIER

522 Industry Innovation
New Animal Care by Health For Animals
In Significant Impact Groups: Other \
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
Scientific advances and emerging technologies, from artificial intelligence to stem cell therapy and new generations of vaccines, have provided greater opportunities to predict, prevent, diagnose and treat animal illness more quickly, accurately and safely. Veterinary researchers and developers continue to break new ground in reducing disease spread and its impact.
The report ‘New Frontiers in Animal Care’ by Health for Animals outlines these innovations across several areas:
New Vaccines ; Alternatives to Antibiotics ; Digital Technologies ; Diagnostics ; Parasite Control ; Nutrition ; Safe Development
Download ‘New Frontiers in Animal Care’ to understand these innovations, their benefits to society and potential barriers to market.
522 Industry Innovation – NEW FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL CARE The Innovations Shaping the Future by Health For Animals
https://healthforanimals.org/downloads/library/new%20frontiers%20in%20animal%20care%20final.pdf;

Country: not applicable

499 – Farmer perceptions of dairy farm antibiotic use and transport pathways as determinants of contaminant loads to the environment (Research paper – Georgakakos – 2021)

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499 Research paper – Georgakakos – 2021 – Farmer perceptions of dairy farm antibiotic use and transport pathways as determinants of contaminant loads to the environment

499 Research paper
Farmer perceptions of dairy farm antibiotic use and transport pathways as determinants of contaminant loads to the environment by Georgakakos C.B., Hicks B.J., and M. Todd Walter 2021 Journal of Environmental Management 280: 11880
In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer; Other
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Agricultural antibiotic contamination into milk and beef products has been considered extensively, but antibiotic transport into soil and water environments is less regulated and studied. Farmer perceptions of these transport processes are critical to understanding how antibiotics reach soils and surface waters and what management strategies can be implemented to reduce environmental antibiotic loads. We have conducted semi-structured interviews with twenty-seven dairy farmers in central New York to understand farmer perceptions of environmental transport of antibiotics and decisions that reduce environmental antibiotic loads. Interviews were qualitatively analyzed and coded using thematic analysis. We found that farmers extensively considered transport of antibiotics into milk and beef, while consideration of antibiotic transport into manure was less common, and no farmers discussed antibiotic transport from carcasses into soil from on-farm animal mortality. Farmers highlighted decisions that reduce antibiotic environmental loads through disease prevention actions, usage of non-antibiotic treatments, and culturing bacterial samples before antibiotic treatment. Farmers did not cite reduction of environmental antibiotic loads as a driver of their waste management decisions. Farmers perceived antibiotic usage was already minimized on farms in the region, suggesting future environmental antibiotic contamination mitigation strategies should focus on waste management pathways.
Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479720318053?via%3Dihub; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111880
Country: USA

498 – Aromam Field trial Efficiency of an essential oil-based mixture to cure mild and severe clinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows (Research paper – Guiadeur – 2020)

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498 Research paper – Guiadeur – 2020 – Aromam Field trial Efficiency of an essential oil-based mixture to cure mild and severe clinical mastitis in

498 Research paper
Aromam Field trial: Efficiency of an essential oil-based mixture to cure mild and severe clinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows by Guiadeur, M., Ballot, N., Bellenot, D., Hardit, V., Sulpuci, P., Martin, G., Lamarle, F., Jouet, L. and A. Fauriat 2020 Rencontres Recherches Ruminants 2020: Session Santé
In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Other
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
A study evaluated an essential oil mixture for the treatment of bovine mild and moderate clinical mastitis in dairy cattle. In dairy herds from Brittany, Pays de la Loire or Auvergne Rhône Alpes, a total of 131 clinical cases were randomly assigned to essential oil (n = 72) or antibiotic (n = 63) group. Essential oil mixture was applied on infected quarter during 14 consecutive milking. Results showed that clinical cure rate was lower in the essential oil group than in antibiotic group (72.3 % vs 88.1 %). Cure rate based on two consecutive individual SCC < 300 000 cell/ml after occurrence was higher in essential oil group only in Brittany, Pays de la Loire (95.0 % vs 60.0 %). Bacteriological cure rate was lower in essential oil group compare to antibiotic group only in Auvergne Rhône Alpes (96.0 % vs 53.4 %). In the growing context of antimicrobial resistance, results showed that there is an interest to consider essential oils as a complement to antibiotics to evaluate new treatment strategies of dairy cows mammary infections.
Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/spip.php?article4725
Country: FR

497 – Preconditioning systems a solution to decrease respiratory diseases in young bulls fattening units (Research paper – Vanbergue – 2020)

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497 Research paper – Vanbergue – 2020 – Preconditioning systems a solution to decrease respiratory diseases in young bulls fattening

497 Research paper
Preconditioning systems: a solution to decrease respiratory diseases in young bulls fattening units? by Vanbergue, E., Assie, S., Mounaix, B., Guiadeur, M., Aupiais, A., Cebron, N., Meyer, G., Philibert, A., Maillard, R. and G. Foucras 2020 Rencontres Recherches Ruminants : 25°
In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Vaccination, Feed / gut health
Species targeted: Beef;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Preconditioning of young bulls is implemented to prevent bovine respiratory diseases occurence in fattening units. A control/case study was set up in nine cow-calf operations and four fattening units to compare preconditioned and control cattle in a French context. Preconditioning protocol consisted of weaning calves 50 days before sale, with adaptation to solid feedstuff and housing. A trivalent vaccine protocol (BRSV, BPI3, Mannheimia haemolytica) and vitamins and micronutrients supplementation was also implemented in order to improve immunity to respiratory diseases. Contrary to what was expected, diseases incidence and lung lesion score were higher for preconditioned young bulls compared to controls. These results could be explained by the epidemiology context of fattening units, poor housing conditions in cow-calf herds and individual immune competence, in relation to immune status and previous vaccination. Pathogens detected in fattening units (BCoV, Pasteurella multocida…) were essentially different from the vaccine valences. This study identifies critical parameters for the settlement of preconditioning programs, and highlights the necessary adaptation to local conditions and husbandry factors.
Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/spip.php?article4725
Country: FR

496 – French dairy cows’ dry period state of play 2015-2017 (Research paper – Chanteperdrix – 2020)

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496 Research paper – Roussel – 2020 – French dairy cows’ dry period state of play 2015-2017

496 Research paper
French dairy cows’ dry period: state of play 2015-2017 by Roussel, D. Ballot, N., Gautier, P., Bore, R. and J. Jurquet 2020 Rencontres Recherches Ruminants 2020: Session Santé
In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer; Pathogen management
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
This study deals with the dry period of dairy cows. Its objective is to describe the current practices of French dairy farmer and to identify their needs as well as those of advisers in terms of technical advice on this phase of production cycle. It is based on an analysis of the national database of 2,914,921 dry cows from 2015 to 2017 and on two surveys. The first one, online, was conducted among 130 advisors from the main French dairy regions (73,8% advisers, 17,5% team supervisors and 8,7% veterinarians). The second, on farm, involved 79 farmers in Western and Eastern France. From 2015 to 2017, the median duration of the dry period was 63 days. The median milk production before drying off amounts to 16.9 kg / d with 9% of the cows over 25 kg / d. Epidemiological data show that the average new infection index in 2017 is 12% and the recovery index is 77%. But there are strong differences in results between farms which seem more linked to a herd effect than to individual effects (milk production/ cell count / drying period / …). Drying off and dry period practices are very diverse: five major treatment protocols to dry off are used. In addition, 78% of farmers use an antibiotic for drying off and 50% practice selective treatment. Similarly, 138 feeding programs are used, i.e. 1.7 per farm on average. Udder infections and milk fevers are the 2 main peripartum problems cited by 72% and 54% of farmers, respectively. The concerns of advisors relate primarily to: (i) feeding management (21%), treatment strategy (20%) and the decrease in milk production (19%) before dying off, ( ii) on dry-off protocols (47%) on the day of dry-off and (iii) on feeding and preparation for calving (39%) Farmers express similar themes. However, the nature of the information requested differs between farmers and advisors: farmers request more protocols whereas advisors ask for more basis of understanding.
Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/spip.php?article4725
Country: FR

495 – Perceptions, fears and motivations for the use of complementary and alternative medicines the results of a national survey of specialized breeders, technicians and vets in veal calves (Research paper – Chanteperdrix – 2020)

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495 Research paper – Chanteperdrix – 2020 – Perceptions, fears and motivations for the use of complementary and alternative medicines the results of a national survey of specialized breeders

495 Research paper
Perceptions, fears and motivations for the use of complementary and alternative medicines: the results of a national survey of specialized breeders, technicians and vets in the veal calves by Chanteperdrix, M. and S. Meurisse 2020 Rencontres Recherches Ruminants 2020: Session Santé
In Significant Impact Groups: Specific alternatives \ Pathogen management
Species targeted: Beef;
Age: Young;
Summary:
The second EcoAntibio Plan promotes the use of alternative therapies, with more incentive than regulatory measures. Today, we have little information about the perceptions and knowledge of these medicines by actors in the veal sector. Therefore, a national survey, funded by FAM, was conducted among specialized breeders, technicians and veterinarians to identify the perceptions, fears and motivations for the use of complementary and alternative medicines. More than half of breeders already declare that they use them on their farms, mainly for the care of digestive and respiratory disorders. The main motivations for using these medicines are on the one hand a desire to reduce the use of antibiotics and on the other hand personal convictions. However, the lack of information and support is hampering professionals. Solutions must be found in the training of breeders, technicians and veterinarians who are many to express this need.
Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/spip.php?article4725
Country: FR

494 – What are the needs for education and professional training of livestock farmers and their advisors for an integrated management of health (Research paper – Manoli – 2020)

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494 Research paper – Manoli – 2020 – What are the needs for education and professional training of livestock farmers and their advisors for an integrated management of health

494 Research paper
What are the needs for education and professional training of livestock farmers and their advisors for an integrated management of health? by Manoli, C., Martin, G., Defois, J., Morin, A. and P. Roussel 2020 Rencontres Recherches Ruminants 2020: Session Santé
In Significant Impact Groups: Other \ Biosecurity
Species targeted: Dairy; Pigs;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Agro-ecological transition of livestock farming systems requires strong changes in animal health management, toward more preventive approaches of livestock practices, e.g. feeding management, and less use of medical inputs for animal. These systemic changes concern farm managers but also their advisors and teachers. In this study, surveys have been made to study the particular needs of farmers and their advisors for education, both professional and academic. These surveys were realised with advisors and farmers of different educational backgrounds, from pork and dairy sector. Results of these surveys show a very small contribution of initial and academic education for useful knowledge on health management , expressed by farmers and advisors ; they also show strong needs addressed toward professional training, that should combine peer exchanges of practises, practical exercises and specialized knowledge coming from animal health experts.

Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/IMG/pdf/recueil_202011_sante.pdf (p.515 ff).
Country: FR

493 – Involve to help dairy farmers to improve practices. (Research paper – Mounaix – 2020)

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493 Research paper – Mounaix – 2020 – Involve to help dairy farmers to improve practices.

493 Research paper
Involve to help dairy farmers to improve practices. by Mounaix, B., Guiadeur, M., Jozan, T. and S Assie 2020 Rencontres Recherches Ruminants 2020: Session Santé
In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Vaccination Biosecurity
Species targeted: Dairy; Beef;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
The relationship between farmers’ attitude and on farm practices has been demonstrated. A trial to test dam vaccination on calf protection has permitted to survey 36 dairy farmers on their perception of this practice: 6 months before the trial (2017), 77% of them had a preventive perception of the vaccination but they associated it to rather curative practices. Their implication through the trial has improved their understanding of calf passive immunity and of the role of colostrum into this process (75% of answers), but also the importance of the delay for colostrum intake (72%) and of the quality of colostrum (65%). After the trial, the farmers declared to be determined to change their practices regarding the distribution of colostrum to improve the health of calves at farm. These results confirmed the benefits of practical application to facilitate the changes in attitude and practices.
Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/spip.php?article4942
Country: FR