380- Effects of quaternary benzo(c)phenanthridine alkaloids on growth performance shedding of organisms and gastrointestinal tract integrity (Research paper – Robbins – 2013)

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380 Research paper – Robbins – 2013 – Effects of quaternary benzo(c)phenanthridine alkaloids on growth performance shedding of organisms and gastrointestinal tract integrity

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Salmonella is classified by European authorities as a major coloniser in pigs and poultry, causing food poisoning after the consumption of meat. Alkaloids derived from plants, can be biochemically derivatized to quaternary benzo(c)phenanthridine alkaloids, that is able to kill Salmonella, and this way sanitising the meat. The main mode of action is based on maintaining gastrointestinal integrity, blocking Salmonella and other pathogens from entering the bloodstream and causing infection. The legal status of the quaternary benzo(c)phenanthridine alkaloids can be discussed, but opens the way to innovative interaction at the level of food quality and safety.

Where to find the original material: https://avmajournals.avma.org/doi/abs/10.2460/ajvr.74.12.1530; https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.74.12.1530
Country: US

379- Inhibitory effects of selected plant essential oils on the growth of four pathogenic bacteria_ E coli O157H7 Salmonella Typhimurium Staphylococcus (Research paper – Oussalah – 2007)

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379 Research paper – Oussalah – 2007 – Inhibitory effects of selected plant essential oils on the growth of four pathogenic bacteria_ E coli O157H7 Salmonella Typhimurium Staphylococcus

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Other;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Pathogen colonisation in livestock can harm animal health, as well as subsequent human health after consumption of animal derived proteins (pork, poultry, beef, eggs, milk). The authors tested a portfolio of plant based essential oils on major microbial pathogens with clinical importance in animals (and humans), such as E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. The results indicate that most of them show good potential in the treatment of these kind of infections, and leaves room for application in livestock production. Most plant based essential oils are pure compounds and tested in the laboratory ex-animal. For application in the field, the farmer has to decide on cost-effectiveness and on what’s available in the market at reasonable prices.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0956713505002872; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2005.11.009
Country: CA

378 – Effects of dietary allicin on health and growth performance of weanling piglets and reduction in attractiveness of faeces to flies (Research paper – Huang – 2011)

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378 Research paper – Huang – 2011 – Effects of dietary allicin on health and growth performance of weanling piglets and reduction in attractiveness of faeces to flies

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
This article confirms the positive effect of allicin in antibiotic free farming. Allicin is next to other essential oils classified as a recognised functional feed ingredient in livestock production. Beside increase zootechnical performance, also health is improved of livestock. The researchers detected another important advantage of using allicin in livestock production, namely reduction of manure odour. This makes agricultural practices more public acceptable, and contributes to responsible farming in society. By reduction of manure odour, also less insects (like flies) are attracted to farms, improving working conditions for farmers.

Where to find the original material: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/animal/article/abs/effects-of-dietary-allicin-on-health-and-growth-performance-of-weanling-piglets-and-reduction-in-attractiveness-of-faeces-to-flies/E6B7C4B884DB12A0ECB048B841C1CB50; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22440775/
Country: CN

377- Use of a micro-encapsulated eucalyptus-medium chain fatty acid product as an alternative to zinc oxide and antibiotics for weaned pigs (Research paper – Yung-Keun Han – 2011)

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377 Research paper – Yung-Keun Han – 2011 – Use of a micro-encapsulated eucalyptus-medium chain fatty acid product as an alternative to zinc oxide and antibiotics for weaned pigs

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Zinc Oxide is today used as the major antibiotic substitute in Europe, but poses some serious environmental problems in terms of sustainability (accumulation in the environment). The article describes the use Eucalyptus derived medium chain fatty acids. Although medium chain fatty acids are a promising substitute for antibiotics, today these medium chain fatty acids are mainly obtained after distillation and fractionation of palm kernel oil. This is also a non-sustainable raw material and extraction from Eucalyptus can be a solution. In addition, processing of the medium chain fatty acids into micro-encapsulated functional feed ingredients improves functionality in animals what is reflected in improved daily performance and health.

Where to find the original material: http://www.aasv.org/shap.html
Country: CA

376- Effect of Brazilian red pepper Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi essential oil on performance diarrhea and gut health of weanling pigs (Research paper – Gois – 2016)

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376 Research paper – Gois – 2016 – Effect of Brazilian red pepper Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi essential oil on performance diarrhea and gut health of weanling pigs

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
This research paper describes the effect of Brazilian red pepper on performance, diarrhoea and gut health of weanling pigs. The authors extracted the essential oil from the Brazilian red pepper and experienced positive effects on gastrointestinal health, translating in improved overall health as well as animal performance. The work is performed on weaning piglets, and makes extrapolation to final slaughter weight difficult.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1871141315300354?via%3Dihub; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.11.009
Country: BR

375- Essential oils and aromatic plants in animal feeding – A European perspective A review (Research paper – Franz – 2010)

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375 Research paper – Franz – 2010 – Essential oils and aromatic plants in animal feeding – a European perspective A review

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
This article gives an overview of application of plant and herb extracts as substitute for antibiotics in livestock production. The authors are experts in the field of European as well as non-European herbs, plant extracts and aromatic plant substances, and contributed to the classification and standardisation of these substances. Depending on the intended applications, a portfolio of blends is possible. The article also shows the clear potential of traditional Chinese medicinal plants in improving livestock performance and health. Not all plant extracts are already accepted in European legislation, but leaves room for innovative solutions.

Where to find the original material: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ffj.1967; https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1967
Country: AT

374- Antibiotic alternatives_ the substitution of antibiotics in animal husbandry (Research paper – Chengn – 2014)

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374 Research paper – Chengn – 2014 – Antibiotic alternatives_ the substitution of antibiotics in animal husbandry

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep;
Age: Different for different species;
Summary:
This article provides an overview of substitutes for antibiotics, having potential in livestock production. The article describes a range of antibiotic alternatives, ranging from plant extract to prebiotic functional feed ingredients. All of the functional feed ingredients show potential in improving animal performance, as well as a contribution to increase health in terrestrial livestock. There is no clear preference for a particular functional feed ingredient, and final selection will mainly depend on farmer expectations as well as commercial price setting (which is not a fixed asset).

Where to find the original material: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00217/full; doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00217
Country: CN

373 International instruments on the use of antimicrobials across the human animal and plant sectors by WHO FAO OIE (Tools & Checklists)

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373 ToolsChecklists – International instruments on the use of antimicrobials across the human animal and plant sectors by WHO FAO OIE

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep;
Summary:
Instruments that contain standards for governments or other actors are included. These include international guidelines that have been adopted by public entities through formal processes if they provide standards (understood as clear instructions/ guidance on the use of antimicrobials).
The compilation excludes resolutions, declarations, (action) plans or other documents that only state intentions or objectives and that do not contain implementable standards. International standards adopted by private entities and business associations are also excluded.

Where to find the original material: https://apps.who.int/iris/rest/bitstreams/1314292/retrieve;
Country: Germany;

372 – Antimicrobial Usage and Resistance in Dairy Cattle Production (Research paper – Loo – 2019)

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372 Research paper – Loo – 2019 – Antimicrobial Usage and Resistance in Dairy Cattle Production

In Significant Impact Groups: Prudent use AB \ None
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
The chapter explain antimicrobial usage in dairy cattle production and the recent approaches and challenges on AMR.

Where to find the original material: https://www.intechopen.com/books/veterinary-medicine-and-pharmaceuticals/antimicrobial-usage-and-resistance-in-dairy-cattle-production; https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.81365
Country: MY

371- Practical strategies to reduce antimicrobial use in dairy farming (Research report – EuroDairy – 2018)

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371 Research report – EuroDairy – 2018 – Practical strategies to reduce antimicrobial use in dairy farming

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ None
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult; Young;
Summary:
This report highlights the extent of quantitative reduction which can be achieved, both in overall antimicrobial use, and especially of Critically Important Antibiotics (CIA’s) whose efficacy must be preserved for use in human medicine. EuroDairy gathered intelligence through its partners and wider networks, organized a cross border workshop, farmer exchange visits, technical webinars, and linked to regional Operational Groups focussed on reducing antibiotics. The only way to sustainably reduce the risk of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is through an integrated approach to disease control, which sustainably improves animal health. Hotspots for antibiotic use are treatment for mastitis (including dry cow therapy), lameness and foot health, respiratory disease and young stock health.

Where to find the original material: https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/documents/downloadPublic?documentIds=080166e5c0d054f7&appId=PPGMS;
Country: SE; DK; NL; UK; BE; FR; ES