261 – Measuring carbon dioxide concentrations in broiler buildings (Research paper – Creach – 2018)

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261 Research paper – Creach – 2018 – Measuring carbon dioxide concentrations in broiler buildings

In Significant Impact Groups: Housing and welfare \ Climate
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
The ministerial decree of 28 June 2010 establishing the standards for the protection of broilers, sets a limit of 3 000 ppm of carbon dioxide (CO2) not to be exceeded at animal’s height and over the entire duration of the lot. Since then, CO2 concentration sensors are developing in poultry buildings and this gas, combined with other parameters (relative humidity rate in particular) is a good indicator of the level of containment of the breeding room. Different CO2 concentration sensors of the same technology (non-dispersive infrared or IRND) have been tested in commercial barns. The results show that two of the five tested sensors are not suitable for continuous use in poultry buildings. In addition, the spatial variability of CO2 concentrations was evaluate in a first phase under experimental conditions and in a second phase in commercial broiler barns.

Where to find the original material: https://www.itavi.asso.fr/content/mesurage-des-concentrations-en-dioxyde-de-carbone-en-batiment-poulets-de-chair;
Country: FR

260 – Measuring carbon dioxide concentrations in broiler houses (Research paper – Creach – 2017)

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260 Research paper – Creach – 2017 – Measuring carbon dioxide concentrations in broiler houses

In Significant Impact Groups: Housing and welfare \ Climate
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
The EU sets a limit of 3000 ppm of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration not to be exceeded for broilers, over the entire duration of the flock. Since then, CO2 concentration sensors are developing in French poultry buildings. The purpose of this article is to provide methodological advices for continuous measurement of CO2 concentrations in a broiler house, by looking at CO2 commercial sensors. Despite being the best compromise to measure CO2 concentration at animal’s level according to at the end of the flock at 80 cm +/- 20 cm of height, this can underestimate CO2 concentrations in case of high CO2 productions by animals and litter. These results suggest using more than one CO2 sensors for continuous measurements in poultry barns. According to the sensors’ tests, first level investment should be in high-performance sensor and in its maintenance than purchasing an additional sensor.

Where to find the original material: https://www.itavi.asso.fr/content/mesurage-des-concentrations-en-dioxyde-de-carbone-en-batiment-poulets-de-chair#:~:text=L’arr%C3%AAt%C3%A9%20minist%C3%A9riel%20du%2028,toute%20la%20dur%C3%A9e%20du%20lot.;
Country: FR

259 – Modeling heat and Carbon Dioxide production of a broiler house at hourly time step (Research paper – Wejden – 2019)

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259 Research paper – Wejden – 2019 – Modeling heat and Carbon Dioxide production of a broiler house at hourly time step

In Significant Impact Groups: Housing and welfare \ Climate
Species targeted: Poultry;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
Models of heat production of broilers are used to design the thermal equipment to optimize climate control. The reference models are now around fifteen years old. Daily values of heat productions are deduced from the live weight of broilers and do not integrate the diversity of livestock systems and the genetic progress’s evolution. Animal welfare and environmental issues now require simulations at an hourly time step or even shorter. Our objective is to propose an hourly model of heat, carbon dioxide and water vapor productions incorporating the zoo technical parameters specific of a commercial batch of broilers. To update the reference equations, experiments were performed so that models replicated conditions similar to commercial farming. We propose a new model design for heat production. The perspectives are to apply this modeling to climate control and thermal design of broiler houses.

Where to find the original material: https://www.itavi.asso.fr/content/modelisation-horaire-des-productions-de-chaleur-et-de-dioxyde-de-carbone-en-elevage-de;
Country: FR

255 Joining advising and innovative training in order to reduce antibiotic use in the dairy sector (Research paper – Le Guenic, 2018)

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255 Research paper – Le Guenic – 2018 – Joining advising and innovative training in order to reduce antibiotic use in the dairy sector

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Prudent use AB
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
A training-program involving virtual classes and personalized advice on farm has been evaluated by an exposed/non exposed study on two themes: control of clinical mastitis and implementation of selective dry cow therapy. Exposed farmers significantly improved their knowledge regarding intramammary infections and selective dry-cow therapy compared to non-exposed farmers. Those from the “control of clinical mastitis” group have decreased the use of antibiotics against mastitis during lactating and dry period from 4 days/year/cow of antibiotic treatment to 3.1. Main messages are : precise knowledge on the role of antibiotics at drying-off, mastering use of a teatseal, respect of low cellular thresholds to sort the cows out.

Where to find the original material: http://www.journees3r.fr/IMG/pdf/texte_2_reduction_intrants_m-le_guenic-2.pdf;
Country: FR

243 Aspects of bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine viral diarrhoea virus herd-level seroprevalence and vaccination in dairy and beef herds in Northern Ireland (Research paper – Cowley, 2014)

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243 Research paper – Cowley – 2014 – Aspects of bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine viral diarrhoea virus herd-level seroprevalence and vaccination in dairy and beef herds in Northern Ireland

In Significant Impact Groups: Pathogen management \ Vaccination
Species targeted: Dairy; Beef;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Infections with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) and bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus cause diseases of cattle with a worldwide distribution. The primary objective of the present study was to describe aspects of herd-level BoHV-1 and BVDV seroprevalence (based on testing of pooled sera) and control on farms in Northern Ireland, including vaccine usage. The results from this study indicate that the true herd-level seroprevalences to bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine virus diarrhoea virus in non-vaccinating herds in Northern Northern Ireland are 77.3% (95% CI: 73.6–80.9%) and 98.4% (95% CI: 97.3–99.5%), respectively. The present study will assist in guiding regional policy development and establish a baseline against which the progress of current and future control and eradication programmes can be measured.

Where to find the original material: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25152811/; http://doi.org/10.1186/2046-0481-67-18
Country: IE

242 Exploring Attitudes and Beliefs towards Implementing Cattle Disease Prevention and control measures (Research report – Brennan, 2016)

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242 Research report – Brennan – 2016 – Exploring Attitudes and Beliefs towards Implementing Cattle Disease Prevention and control measures

In Significant Impact Groups: Biosecurity \Internal biosecurity; People; Precision Livestock Farming & Early detection
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Further understanding of why dairy farmers do not engage in disease prevention and control strategies (biosecurity) is required. Using semi-structured interviews informed by a health psychology approach with 25 dairy farmers, a number of barriers, such as disease testing inaccuracies, types of disease transmission, perceived lack of risk and effectiveness of measures, were identified. Motivators included being advised to undertake measures by veterinarians, and the increased threat and severity of the disease in focus. These results suggest there is an advantage to farm advisors and herd health professionals understanding and working with the beliefs of individual dairy farmers to target appropriate communication and advice strategies relating to biosecurity recommendations.

Where to find the original material: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/6/10/61; http://doi.org/10.3390/ani6100061
Country: UK;

241 Antibiotic resistance – A global crisis Resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos – una crisis global (Research paper – Alos, 2015)

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241 Research paper – Alos – 2015 – Antibiotic resistance_ A global crisis Resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos_ una crisis global

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance
Species targeted: Other;
Age: Not stated;
Summary:
The use of antibiotics represents one of the most important interventions for the control of infectious diseases. Antibiotics have saved millions of lives and have also brought a revolution in medicine. However, an increasing threat has lowered the effect of these drugs, because of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, which is defined here as the ability of bacteria to survive in antibiotic concentrations that inhibit/kill others of the same species. In this review some recent and important examples of resistance in germs of concern for mankind are mentioned. The process that led to the current situation in a short time is also explained in this review. It begins with the resistance genes, continues with clones and genetic elements involved in the maintenance and dissemination, and ends with other factors that contribute to its spread. Possible responses to the problem are reviewed, with special reference to the development of new antibiotics.
241 Research paper – Alos – 2015 – Antibiotic resistance_ A global crisis Resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos_ una crisis global

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0213005X14003413; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimc.2014.10.004
Country: ES

238 Survey of quantitative antimicrobial consumption per production stage in farrow-to-finish pig farms in Spain (Research paper – Moreno, 2014)

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238 Research paper – Moreno – 2014 – Survey of quantitative antimicrobial consumption per production stage in farrow-to-finish pig farms in Spain

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance Antibiotic use
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
This study describes antimicrobial use (AMU) per production stage in terms of drugs, routes of application, indications, duration and exposed animals in farrow-to-finish pig farms in Spain. Information was collected via a questionnaire on AMU during the six months prior to the interview, in face-to-face interviews completed from April to October 2010, for a total of 49 farms. The most used antimicrobials per farm and production stage and administration route were polymyxins (colistin) by feed in the growing and the preweaning phases, followed by β-lactams by feed during the growing and the preweaning phases and by injection during the preweaning phase. Results show that the growing stage (from weaning to beginning of finishing) has the highest AMU, feed is the administration route with the highest antimicrobial exposure (because of high number of exposed animals and longer duration of treatment); and there are large differences in AMU among individual pig farms.

Where to find the original material: https://vetrecordopen.bmj.com/content/1/1/e000002.short; https://doi.org/10.1136/vropen-2013-000002
Country: ES

236 Multidrug resistant Salmonella enterica isolated from conventional pig farms using antimicrobial agents in preventative medicine programme (Research paper – Cameron-Veas, 2018)

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236 Research paper – Cameron-Veas – 2018 – Multidrug resistant Salmonella enterica isolated from conventional pig farms using antimicrobial agents in preventative medicine programme

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance Disease/health
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
Presence of multidrug antimicrobial resistance (multi-AR) in Salmonella enterica in pigs in Spain was investigated in this study, together with association of multi-drug resistance with ceftiofur or tulathromycin treatment during the pre-weaning period. Sixty-six S. enterica isolates were recovered from five of the eight farms studied. Forty-seven bacteria (isolates) were multi-drug resistant. The most frequent AR genes detected were tet(A) (77%), sul1 (26%); tet(B) (23%) and qnrB (66,15%). Multi-drug resistance was common, especially for ampicillin, streptomycin, sulphonamides and tetracycline. These antibiotics are used frequently in veterinary medicine in Spain and, therefore, should be used carefully to minimise the spread of multi-drug resistance.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023318300339; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.02.002
Country: ES

235 Plasmids carrying antimicrobial resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae (Research paper – Rozwandowicz, 2018)

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235 Research paper – Rozwandowicz – 2018 – Plasmids carrying antimicrobial resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae

In Significant Impact Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Monitoring and surveillance Disease/health
Species targeted: Pigs; Poultry; Dairy; Beef; Sheep; Other;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
Bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is constantly evolving and horizontal gene transfer through genetic elements known as plasmids plays a major role. The identification of plasmids characteristics and their association with humans and animals provides important information that is essential to understand the contribution of these genes to the transmission of resistance. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of all known AMR related types of genetic elements (plasmids) in Enterobacteriaceae, the resistance genes they carry and their geographical distribution. This information is very important in the fight against antimicrobial resistance.

Where to find the original material: https://academic.oup.com/jac/article/73/5/1121/4822282; https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx488
Country: NL; DE; ES