148 Review of transmission routes of 24 infectious diseases preventable by biosecurity measures and comparison of the implementation of these measures (Research paper – Filippitzi, 2018)

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148 Research paper – Filippitzi – 2018 – Review of transmission routes of 24 infectious diseases preventable by biosecurity measures and comparison of the implementation of these measures

SIG: Biosecurity
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
This study reviews the transmission routes of important infectious pig diseases and their impact on transmission in pig herds. First, a literature review identifying transmission routes of 24 infectious pig diseases preventable through biosecurity measures was done. Second, the level of implementation of these measures using data obtained from 574 pig farms in Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden, entered between January 2014 and January 2016 was analyzed quantitatively. Third, a qualitative analysis based on a review of literature and other relevant information resources was performed. The quantitative analysis indicated that at the level of internal, external and overall biosecurity, Denmark had a distinct profile with higher external biosecurity scores and less variation than the other countries. The qualitative analysis identified differences in applied policies, legislation, disease status, pig farm density, farming culture and habits between countries that can be useful for country-specific biosecurity advice.
148

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29124908; https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12758

Country: BE; DK

147 Sterile milk sample for bacteriology FARMER GUIDE by Zoetis (Tools & Checklists)

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147 ToolsChecklists – Sterile milk sample for bacteriology FARMER GUIDE by Zoetis

SIG: Pathogen management
Species targeted: Dairy;
Summary:
When clinical mastitis has been diagnosed in a quarter, a sterile milk sample should be taken to determine which bacteria is responsible. This will help with implementing specific mastitis control measures. Cows should be sampled as soon as mastitis is detected, preferably before milking is commenced. This checklist with images details how to prepare the udder and teats before taking a milk sample and how to do so as cleanly and aseptically as possible, so as to not contaminate the sample.

Where to find the original material: https://www.zoetis.co.uk/livestock-farming/useful-resources/index.aspx;
Country: United Kingdom;

146 How to use Orbeseal teat sealant by Zoetis (Tools & Checklists)

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146 ToolsChecklists – How to use Orbeseal teat sealant by Zoetis

SIG: Prudent use AB \ Farmer
Species targeted: Dairy;
Summary:
This photo guide or checklist of how to prepare a cow’s udder and teats before, during and after insertion of a teat sealant, such as Orbeseal, is practical and easy to follow. It covers the basic hygienic approach, the order in which to clean teats, the tube insertion technique and the order of insertion of teat sealant into the teats to minimise spread of infection.

Where to find the original material: https://www.zoetis.co.uk/livestock-farming/useful-resources/index.aspx;
Country: United Kingdom;

145 Evaluation of three intervention strategies to reduce the transmission of Salmonella Typhimurium in pigs (Research paper – De Ridder, 2013)

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145 Research paper – De Ridder – 2013 – Evaluation of three intervention strategies to reduce the transmission of Salmonella Typhimurium in pigs

SIG: Feed / gut health \ Feed additives and supplements; Pathogen management
Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Adult;
Summary:
Despite current control measures, Salmonella in pigs remains a major public health concern. In this in vivo study, the effect of three intervention strategies on Salmonella Typhimurium transmission in pigs was evaluated. The first intervention was feed supplemented with coated calcium-butyrate, the second comprised oral vaccination with a double-attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium strain, and the third was acidification of drinking water with a mixture of organic acids. Both feed supplementation with coated calcium-butyrate and vaccination with an attenuated vaccine decreased Salmonella Typhimurium transmission in pigs. Further studies are needed to assess the practical issues related to the implementation of these interventions. For example, more data are needed to determine the best age groups and treatment regimens for the coated calcium-butyrate and to learn how to overcome the problem of Salmonella-specific antibodies in vaccinated pigs.

Where to find the original material: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23680264; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.03.026

Country: BE

144 Farmer guide – Technique for infusion of a combination of dry cow antibiotic and Orbeseal by Zoetis (Tools & Checklists)

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144 ToolsChecklists – FARMER GUIDE – TECHNIQUE FOR INFUSION OF A COMBINATION OF DRY COW ANTIBIOTIC AND ORBESEAL by Zoetis

SIG: Prudent use

Species: Dairy

Summary:
The theory of using antibiotic dry cow therapy and the teat sealant, OrbeSeal, is that the antibiotic helps ‘clean up’ any existing udder infections and the OrbeSeal ‘seals up’ the teat, preventing new infections right up until calving.
This practical farmer guide outlines a technique that, whilst taking a little bit longer than your normal method, will help you achieve the best possible results and avoid dead cows! The guide covers the steps of observing strict hygiene when preparing the teat, tube insertion technique including how to hold the teat and how far to insert the tubes. The guide also contains helpful pictures and top tips for drying cows off.
144 ToolsChecklists – FARMER GUIDE – TECHNIQUE FOR INFUSION OF A COMBINATION OF DRY COW ANTIBIOTIC AND ORBESEAL by Zoetis

Where to find the original material: https://www.zoetis.co.uk/livestock-farming/useful-resources/pdfs-and-images/infusion-of-orbeseal.pdf;
Country: United Kingdom;

143 Effect of administration of organic acids in drinking water on faecal shedding of E. coli performance parameters and health in nursery pigs (Research paper – De Busser, 2011)

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143 Research paper – De Busser – 2011 – Effect of administration of organic acids in drinking water on faecal shedding of E. coli performance parameters and health in nursery pigs

SIG: Water

Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young;
Summary:
This study evaluated the effect of altering the pH of drinking water on Escherichia coli in nursery piglets under field conditions as well as their performance parameters and health. This study indicates that acidification of the drinking water to a low pH can be helpful to reduce the E. coli load in nursery pigs and may be used in herds affected with post-weaning diarrhoea. As our study was performed in one herd only, further investigations are needed to confirm the findings and to determine the effects of different pH values of the drinking water on average daily feed intake (DFI), Daily weight gain (DWG), Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and clinical parameters.

Where to find the original material: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023310001140; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.04.006
Country: BE

142 Using the Biocheck UGent scoring tool in Irish farrow-to-finish pig farms_ assessing biosecurity and its relation to productive performance (Research paper – Da Costa – 2019)

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142 Research paper – da Costa – 2019 – Using the Biocheck UGen scoring tool in Irish farrow-to-finish pig farms_ assessing biosecurity and its relation to productive performance

Significant Interest Groups: Biosecurity

Species targeted: Pigs;
Age: Young; Adult;
Summary:
Biosecurity is one of the main factors affecting disease occurrence and antimicrobial use, and it is associated with performance in pig production. The aim of this study was to describe the biosecurity status in a cohort of Irish pig farms, and to study the impact of biosecurity on farm performance. External biosecurity score was high compared to most countries due to the characteristics of the Irish pig sector (i.e. purchasing only semen and breeding gilts on farm). The internal biosecurity score was lower and had greater variability among farms than other EU countries. Data analysis showed the biosecurity practices explained 8, 23, and 16% of variability in piglet mortality, finisher mortality, and average daily gain, respectively. Our results point out that lower performing farms need to improve practices related to the environment, region, feed, water and equipment supply, and the overall management of the different production stages.

Where to find the original material: https://rdcu.be/b40Qv; https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-018-0113-6
Country: IE; BE: ES

141 Johnes; Dairy by James Smith UK Herdwise 2018 winner (Farm Innovation)

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141 Farm Innovation – Johnes; Dairy by James Smith UK Herdwise 2018 winner

Significant Interest Groups: Pathogen management \ Eradication
Species targeted: Dairy;
Age: Different for different species;
Summary:
For James Smith, winner of the UK’s National Milk Records 2018 Herdwise award, reducing Johnes disease burden across his 240-head organic Holstein Friesian herd in Chippenham, UK, saw Johne’s positive cows reduce from 35 per cent of the herd to 15 per cent in two years. Since June 2016, this has included the introduction of several herd management practices e.g. installation of a pasteuriser and Johne’s testing done quarterly via milk samples taken as part of the Herdwise Johne’s screening scheme. If a cow has a positive result above 60 per cent, it is culled at the end of that lactation. Cows with very high readings, often termed „super shedders‟, are culled as soon as possible. “The long-term goal is to eliminate Johne’s completely, but realistically this will take several years so it is vital we have the management strategies in place to achieve this.”

Where to find the original material: https://www.fginsight.com/vip/vip/holstein-herd-rewarded-for-johnes-control-practices-64389;
Country: UK

140 Biosecurity Practices for Dairy Operations by Texas AgriLife Extension (Tools & Checklists)

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140 ToolsChecklists – Biosecurity Practices for Dairy Operations by Texas AgriLife Extension

Significant Interest Groups: Biosecurity

Species targeted: Dairy; Beef;
Summary:
Biosecurity measures prevent infectious diseases from affecting a herd. By implementing general management and vaccination practices, producers protect their herds from existing diseases within a country and from possible foreign animal disease outbreaks. This US made checklist and fact sheet contains information on herd immunity, common diseases, vaccination protocols, best practice animal husbandry, key steps to take when purchasing animals, biosecurity practices and staffing. It includes helpful tick lists of what steps you can take to ensure disease does not enter, spread or multiply on your farm.

https://texashelp.tamu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Biosecurity-Practices-For-Dairy-Operations.pdf;

Country: USA;

139 Chicken and Antibiotics – Let’s Chat About The Facts by Chicken Farmers of Canada (Industry Innovation)

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139 Industry Innovation – Chicken and Antibiotics – Let’s Chat About The Facts by Chicken Farmers of Canada

Significant Interest Groups: AMU reduction strategies \ Legislation and incentives Food supply chain and markets
Species targeted: Poultry;
Summary:
There has been a lot in the news recently about antibiotic use in Canada’s food. More and more restaurants, processors, and retailers are offering more and more choices to Canadians when making their meal decisions. While antibiotics are an important part of modern human and animal medicine, it is critical that they are used RESPONSIBLY. In response, Chicken Farmers of Canada have produced this infographic which describes their antimicrobial use (AMU) strategy to demonstrate responsible use and to reduce use where possible. The Canadian chicken industry have eliminated the preventative use of Category I antibiotics in 2014 and since then, the industry is no longer permitted to use them. Now, they are analysing antimicrobial resistance data, reviewing best management practices, ensuring effective controls of antibiotic use across Canadian farms, educating stakeholders, and researching and sourcing alternative products.

Where to find the original material: https://www.chickenfarmers.ca/resources/chicken-and-antibiotics-lets-chat-about-the-facts/;
Country: CA